Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tenth Peoples' Hospital, Tongji University, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
Hospital of Yantai University, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
BMC Cancer. 2019 Apr 30;19(1):408. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-5598-0.
A tumor comprising of different types of tissues (such as hair, muscle, bone, etc.) is known as a teratoma. It is a type of germ cell (cells that make sperm or eggs) tumor. When these germ cells have rapid cancerous growth, then such a teratoma is called a malignant teratoma. We have studied the differences between gonadal and extra-gonadal malignant teratomas and the effects of chemotherapy in both genders.
The samples of 3799 male and 1832 female patients with malignant teratoma samples, between the ages of 1 and 85+ years, were selected from the years 1973 to 2014. Trends in incidence, estimated prevalence, incidence rates, and frequency were calculated in gonadal and extra-gonadal tumors with age adjustment. The five-year observed, expected, and relative survival rates were analyzed to study the prognosis.
The gonadal took over a majority percentage of malignant teratomas compared with the extra-gonadal (90% vs. 10% in male; 83% vs. 17% in female). For the male, the total of the gonadal and the extra-gonadal were all significantly decreased from 1973 to 2014 (p < 0.05). For the female, there were no significant trends. As for prevalence, incidence, and frequency, there were two separate peaks of malignant teratomas. One peak was at under 1 year old, which was composed of the extra-gonadal tumor; the other peak was at 20-24 for male and 10-34 for female, which was composed of the gonadal tumor. This separation of the gonadal and extra-gonadal showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). As for the prognosis, the extra-gonadal tumor showed significantly lower survival rates than the gonadal (p < 0.05). In the short term, the survival rate of the chemotherapy group was higher than the supportive care group. However, in the long term, the survival rate of the chemotherapy group was lower than the supportive care group.
The gonadal and extra-gonadal malignant teratomas show lots of differences. Chemotherapy might not help improve survival rates.
由不同类型组织（如毛发、肌肉、骨骼等）组成的肿瘤被称为畸胎瘤。它是一种生殖细胞（产生精子或卵子的细胞）肿瘤。当这些生殖细胞发生快速癌变时，这种畸胎瘤就称为恶性畸胎瘤。我们研究了性腺和性腺外恶性畸胎瘤之间的差异，以及两性中化疗的影响。
从 1973 年至 2014 年，我们选择了 3799 名男性和 1832 名年龄在 1 岁至 85 岁以上的恶性畸胎瘤患者的样本。我们对性腺和性腺外肿瘤进行了年龄调整，计算了发病率、估计患病率、发病率和频率的趋势。我们分析了五年观察、预期和相对生存率，以研究预后。
与性腺外相比，性腺恶性畸胎瘤占多数（男性中为 90%对 10%；女性中为 83%对 17%）。对于男性，从 1973 年到 2014 年，性腺和性腺外的总数均显著下降（p<0.05）。对于女性，没有明显的趋势。就患病率、发病率和频率而言，恶性畸胎瘤有两个单独的高峰。一个高峰是在 1 岁以下，由性腺外肿瘤组成；另一个高峰是在男性 20-24 岁和女性 10-34 岁之间，由性腺肿瘤组成。性腺和性腺外的这种分离显示出显著差异（p<0.05）。就预后而言，性腺外肿瘤的生存率明显低于性腺（p<0.05）。在短期内，化疗组的生存率高于支持治疗组。然而，在长期内，化疗组的生存率低于支持治疗组。
性腺和性腺外恶性畸胎瘤有许多差异。化疗可能无助于提高生存率。
