Karras Spyridon N, Koufakis Theocharis, Zebekakis Pantelis, Kotsa Kalliopi
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Diabetes Center, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki 55535, Greece.
World J Diabetes. 2019 Apr 15;10(4):234-240. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i4.234.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is currently based exclusively on insulin replacement therapy. However, there is a need for better glycemic control, lower hypoglycemia rates, more effective weight management, and further reduction of cardiovascular risk in people with T1D. In this context, agents from the pharmaceutical quiver of type 2 diabetes are being tested in clinical trials, as adjunctive to insulin therapies for T1D patients. Despite the limited amount of relevant evidence and the inter-class variability, it can be said that these agents have a role in optimizing metabolic control, assisting weight management and reducing glycemic variability in people with T1D. Specific safety issues, including the increased risk of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, as well as the effects of these treatments on major cardiovascular outcomes should be further assessed by future studies, before these therapeutic choices become widely available for T1D management.
1型糖尿病（T1D）的治疗目前完全基于胰岛素替代疗法。然而，1型糖尿病患者需要更好地控制血糖、降低低血糖发生率、更有效地管理体重，并进一步降低心血管风险。在这种背景下，2型糖尿病的药物正在临床试验中进行测试，作为1型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗的辅助药物。尽管相关证据有限且类别间存在差异，但可以说这些药物在优化1型糖尿病患者的代谢控制、辅助体重管理和降低血糖变异性方面发挥着作用。在这些治疗选择广泛应用于1型糖尿病管理之前，未来的研究应进一步评估特定的安全问题，包括低血糖和糖尿病酮症酸中毒风险增加，以及这些治疗对主要心血管结局的影响。
