Latychevskaia Tatiana
Appl Opt. 2019 May 1;58(13):3597-3603. doi: 10.1364/AO.58.003597.
This work presents an overview of spatial resolution criteria in classical optics, digital optics, and holography. Although the classical Abbe and Rayleigh resolution criteria have been thoroughly discussed in the literature, there are a few issues that still need to be addressed, e.g., the axial resolution criteria for coherent and incoherent radiation (which is a crucial parameter in 3D imaging), the resolution criteria in the Fresnel regime, and the lateral and the axial resolution criteria in digital optics and holography. This work discusses these issues and provides a simple guide on which resolution criteria should be applied for a particular imaging scheme: coherent/incoherent, far- and near-field, lateral and axial resolution. Different resolution criteria such as two-points resolution and the resolution obtained from the image spectrum (diffraction pattern) are compared and demonstrated with simulated examples. It is shown that, for coherent light, the classical Abbe and Rayleigh resolution criteria do not provide accurate estimation of the lateral and axial resolution. The lateral and axial resolution criteria based on the evaluation of the spectrum of the diffracted wave provide more precise estimation of the resolution for coherent and incoherent light. It is also shown that the resolution criteria derived in approximation of the far-field can be applied for the near-field (Fresnel) imaging regime.
本文概述了经典光学、数字光学和全息术中的空间分辨率标准。尽管经典的阿贝和瑞利分辨率标准在文献中已被充分讨论，但仍有一些问题需要解决，例如，相干和非相干辐射的轴向分辨率标准（这是三维成像中的一个关键参数）、菲涅耳区域的分辨率标准以及数字光学和全息术中的横向和轴向分辨率标准。本文讨论了这些问题，并针对特定成像方案（相干/非相干、远场和近场、横向和轴向分辨率）应应用哪种分辨率标准提供了一个简单指南。通过模拟示例对两点分辨率和从图像频谱（衍射图案）获得的分辨率等不同分辨率标准进行了比较和展示。结果表明，对于相干光，经典的阿贝和瑞利分辨率标准无法准确估计横向和轴向分辨率。基于对衍射波频谱评估的横向和轴向分辨率标准能为相干光和非相干光提供更精确的分辨率估计。还表明，在远场近似下推导的分辨率标准可应用于近场（菲涅耳）成像区域。
