Hu Mengjia, Wang Junping
State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Curr Opin Hematol. 2019 Jul;26(4):228-234. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000507.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by a potent multilineage regenerative capability that is dependent on their quiescence property. In the past few decades, researchers have found many intrinsic and niche-derived factors that can regulate HSCs, whereas how to precisely control HSC behaviors remains elusive. Recently, mitochondrial metabolism has been shown to be involved in the regulation of HSC biology. The purpose of this review is to overview recent advances in the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and maintenance of HSC quiescence.
On the basis of fact that HSCs are heterogeneous populations that have their unique metabolic characteristics, increasing studies have demonstrated that the quiescence and function of HSCs are closely correlated with the mitochondrial mass and activity, as well as the levels of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species and metabolites. Apart from that, mitochondria have been reported to undergo internal protective programs, including mitochondrial unfolded protein response, autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics, which are beneficial to maintaining HSC homeostasis.
The maintenance of HSC quiescence needs a metabolic balance in mitochondria, and unraveling the metabolic complexity may provide deep understanding of the functional heterogeneity of HSCs.
造血干细胞（HSCs）具有强大的多谱系再生能力，这依赖于它们的静止特性。在过去几十年里，研究人员发现了许多可调节造血干细胞的内在因素和微环境衍生因素，然而如何精确控制造血干细胞的行为仍不清楚。最近，线粒体代谢已被证明参与造血干细胞生物学的调节。本综述的目的是概述线粒体代谢与造血干细胞静止维持之间关系的最新进展。
基于造血干细胞是具有独特代谢特征的异质性群体这一事实，越来越多的研究表明，造血干细胞的静止和功能与线粒体质量和活性以及线粒体衍生的活性氧和代谢产物水平密切相关。除此之外，据报道线粒体可经历内部保护程序，包括线粒体未折叠蛋白反应、自噬和线粒体动力学，这些有利于维持造血干细胞的稳态。
造血干细胞静止的维持需要线粒体中的代谢平衡，揭示代谢复杂性可能有助于深入理解造血干细胞的功能异质性。
