Divison of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue MLC 2008, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA.
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, CARE/Crawley Building, Suite E-870 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2019 May 2;19(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6829-7.
Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the persistent residue resulting from secondhand smoke (SHS) that accumulates in dust, objects, and on surfaces in homes where tobacco has been used, and is reemitted into air. Very little is known about the extent to which THS contributes to children's overall tobacco smoke exposure (OTS) levels, defined as their combined THS and SHS exposure. Even less is known about the effect of OTS and THS on children's health. This project will examine how different home smoking behaviors contribute to THS and OTS and if levels of THS are associated with respiratory illnesses in nonsmoking children.
This project leverages the experimental design from an ongoing pediatric emergency department-based tobacco cessation trial of caregivers who smoke and their children (NIHR01HD083354). At baseline and follow-up, we will collect urine and handwipe samples from children and samples of dust and air from the homes of smokers who smoke indoors, have smoking bans or who have quit smoking. These samples will be analyzed to examine to what extent THS pollution at home contributes to OTS exposure over and above SHS and to what extent THS continues to persist and contribute to OTS in homes of smokers who have quit or have smoking bans. Targeted and nontargeted chemical analyses of home dust samples will explore which types of THS pollutants are present in homes. Electronic medical record review will examine if THS and OTS levels are associated with child respiratory illness. Additionally, a repository of child and environmental samples will be created.
The results of this study will be crucial to help close gaps in our understanding of the types, quantity, and clinical effects of OTS, THS exposure, and THS pollutants in a unique sample of tobacco smoke-exposed ill children and their homes. The potential impact of these findings is substantial, as currently the level of risk in OTS attributable to THS is unknown. This research has the potential to change how we protect children from OTS, by recognizing that SHS and THS exposure needs to be addressed separately and jointly as sources of pollution and exposure.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02531594 . Date of registration: August 24, 2015.
三手烟（THS）是二手烟（SHS）在家庭中持续存在的残留物质，它会在灰尘、物体和表面上积累，并重新释放到空气中。目前人们对 THS 对儿童整体烟草烟雾暴露（OTS）水平的影响程度知之甚少，OTS 定义为儿童同时接触 THS 和 SHS 的暴露水平。人们对 OTS 和 THS 对儿童健康的影响了解得更少。本项目将研究不同的家庭吸烟行为如何导致 THS 和 OTS，以及 THS 水平是否与非吸烟儿童的呼吸道疾病有关。
本项目利用了正在进行的基于儿科急诊部门的吸烟者及其子女的戒烟试验的实验设计（NIHR01HD083354）。在基线和随访时，我们将从儿童的尿液和手部擦拭样本中，以及室内吸烟、有禁烟令或已戒烟的吸烟者家中的灰尘和空气样本中收集样本。这些样本将进行分析，以研究家庭中的 THS 污染在多大程度上超过 SHS 对 OTS 暴露的贡献，以及在已经戒烟或有禁烟令的吸烟者家中，THS 是如何继续存在并对 OTS 产生影响的。对家庭灰尘样本进行靶向和非靶向化学分析，将探索家庭中存在哪些类型的 THS 污染物。对电子病历的审查将研究 THS 和 OTS 水平是否与儿童呼吸道疾病有关。此外，还将创建一个儿童和环境样本库。
本研究的结果对于帮助我们了解在一个独特的烟草烟雾暴露患病儿童及其家庭样本中，OTS、THS 暴露和 THS 污染物的类型、数量和临床影响，至关重要。这些发现的潜在影响是巨大的，因为目前我们还不知道 THS 对 OTS 的风险水平。本研究有可能改变我们保护儿童免受 OTS 的方式，使我们认识到 SHS 和 THS 暴露需要作为污染和暴露的来源分别和共同加以解决。
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT02531594。注册日期：2015 年 8 月 24 日。
