Zapata Miguel A, Figueroa Marta S, Esteban González Eduardo, Huguet Cristina, Giralt Joan, Gallego Pinazo Roberto, Abecia Emilio
Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Member of RETICS OFTARED, Madrid, Spain.
Vissum Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Retina, Service of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Ophthalmol Retina. 2017 May-Jun;1(3):249-254. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2016.11.001. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
To assess the prevalence of vitreoretinal interface abnormalities in a general population of healthy adults ≥45 years of age.
Cross-sectional study carried out at 17 ophthalmology services throughout Spain.
Between September 2015 and March 2016, all consecutive healthy persons aged ≥45 years who were accompanying patients to ophthalmology services were invited to take part in the study. Exclusion criteria were known retinal disease, uveitis, history of ocular trauma or previous intraocular surgery (including cataract surgery and intravitreal injections), severe myopia (>-6 dioptres), and poor ocular media transparency.
Spectral-domain OCT or swept-source OCT was performed on all participants. Diseases of the vitreomacular interface were classified according to the OCT-based anatomic classification system of the International Vitreomacular Traction Study Group. All pathologic and borderline images as well as doubtful cases were evaluated blindly in a central reading center.
Prevalence of vitreomacular interface abnormalities (vitreomacular traction epiretinal membrane, lamellar hole).
The study included 2257 participants with a mean age of 59.5 years (range 45-90), and a total of 4490 eyes (right eyes 2242, left eyes 2248). Vitreoretinal interface abnormalities were detected in 70 eyes, with a prevalence of 1.6%. Vitreomacular adhesion was observed in 1317 eyes (29.3%). Results of spectral-domain OCT or swept-source OCT examination were unrevealing in 3103 eyes. Vitreoretinal interface abnormalities were found in 61 participants, with a prevalence in the study population of 2.7%. Vitreomacular traction was observed in 14 participants (0.6%), epiretinal membrane in 44 (1.9%), and lamellar macular hole in 3 (0.1%). The prevalence of both vitreomacular traction and epiretinal membrane increased significantly with age. The presence of vitreoretinal interface abnormalities was unrelated to concomitant diabetes mellitus or hypertension.
An important percentage of healthy participants from the general population ≥45 years of age showed vitreoretinal interface abnormalities. Screening with OCT is advisable at any first routine consultation or preoperative assessment, particularly in older participants.
评估年龄≥45岁的健康成年普通人群玻璃体视网膜界面异常的患病率。
在西班牙各地17个眼科服务机构开展的横断面研究。
2015年9月至2016年3月期间，所有陪同患者前往眼科服务机构的年龄≥45岁的连续健康个体均被邀请参与研究。排除标准为已知的视网膜疾病、葡萄膜炎、眼外伤史或既往眼内手术史（包括白内障手术和玻璃体腔注射）、高度近视（>-6屈光度）以及眼部介质透明度差。
对所有参与者进行频域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）或扫频光学相干断层扫描（SS-OCT）检查。玻璃体黄斑界面疾病根据国际玻璃体黄斑牵拉研究组基于OCT的解剖学分类系统进行分类。所有病理和临界图像以及可疑病例均在中央阅片中心进行盲法评估。
玻璃体黄斑界面异常（玻璃体黄斑牵拉、视网膜前膜、板层裂孔）的患病率。
该研究纳入了2257名参与者，平均年龄59.5岁（范围45 - 90岁），共4490只眼（右眼2242只，左眼2248只）。70只眼中检测到玻璃体视网膜界面异常，患病率为1.6%。1317只眼（29.3%）观察到玻璃体黄斑粘连。3103只眼的SD-OCT或SS-OCT检查结果未见异常。61名参与者发现玻璃体视网膜界面异常，研究人群中的患病率为2.7%。14名参与者（0.6%）观察到玻璃体黄斑牵拉，44名（1.9%）观察到视网膜前膜，3名（0.1%）观察到黄斑板层裂孔。玻璃体黄斑牵拉和视网膜前膜的患病率均随年龄显著增加。玻璃体视网膜界面异常的存在与糖尿病或高血压无关。
年龄≥45岁的普通人群中有相当比例的健康参与者存在玻璃体视网膜界面异常。在任何首次常规会诊或术前评估时，尤其是老年参与者，建议采用OCT进行筛查。
