Walker Maura E, Matthan Nirupa R, Lamon-Fava Stefania, Solano-Aguilar Gloria, Jang Saebyeol, Lakshman Sukla, Molokin Aleksey, Urban Joseph F, Faits Tyler, Johnson W Evan, Lichtenstein Alice H
Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA.
USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Mar 30;3(5):nzz023. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzz023. eCollection 2019 May.
Current cardiovascular risk reduction guidance focuses on shifts in dietary patterns, rather than single foods or nutrients. Experimental studies are needed to identify the mechanisms by which food-based diets affect the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2 food-based dietary patterns and statin therapy on the transcriptome of the left anterior descending coronary artery of the Ossabaw pig.
Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups and fed isocaloric diets for 6 mo; Heart Healthy-style diet (HHD) (high in unsaturated fat, unrefined grain, fruits/vegetables) or Western-style diet (WD) (high in saturated fat, cholesterol, refined grain), with or without atorvastatin. A 2-factor edge R analysis was used to determine differential gene expression in the left anterior descending coronary artery.
Relative to the HHD, the WD resulted in the differential expression of 143 genes, of which 139 genes were upregulated and 4 genes were downregulated (all log fold change ≥0.6, false discovery rate <0.10). The WD, compared with the HHD, resulted in the statistically significant upregulation of 8 atherosclerosis-associated pathways implicated in immune and inflammatory processes. There were no genes with significant differential expression attributable to statin therapy.
These data suggest that a WD induces alterations in the transcriptome of the coronary artery consistent with an inflammatory atherogenic phenotype in the Ossabaw pig with no significant modification by concurrent statin therapy.
当前心血管疾病风险降低指南侧重于饮食模式的转变，而非单一食物或营养素。需要进行实验研究来确定以食物为基础的饮食影响动脉粥样硬化发生和发展的机制。
本研究旨在探讨两种以食物为基础的饮食模式和他汀类药物治疗对奥萨巴瓦猪左前降支冠状动脉转录组的影响。
将猪随机分为4组中的1组，给予等热量饮食6个月；心脏健康型饮食（HHD）（不饱和脂肪、未精制谷物、水果/蔬菜含量高）或西式饮食（WD）（饱和脂肪、胆固醇、精制谷物含量高），同时给予或不给予阿托伐他汀。采用双因素边缘R分析来确定左前降支冠状动脉中的差异基因表达。
相对于HHD，WD导致143个基因差异表达，其中139个基因上调，4个基因下调（所有对数倍变化≥0.6，错误发现率<0.10）。与HHD相比，WD导致与免疫和炎症过程相关的8条动脉粥样硬化相关通路在统计学上显著上调。没有基因因他汀类药物治疗而出现显著差异表达。
这些数据表明，西式饮食会导致奥萨巴瓦猪冠状动脉转录组发生改变，与炎症性动脉粥样硬化表型一致，同时使用他汀类药物治疗无显著改变。
