Post-Graduate Program Cardiovascular Science, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Cardiology and Institute for Health Technology Assessment (IATS-CNPq), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2019 Oct;90(10):1096-1105. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0036. Epub 2019 May 27.
Despite the association between cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis, there are scarce data on the impact of oral health in the dietary intake of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary intake with periodontitis and present teeth in individuals with stable CAD.
This cross-sectional study included 115 patients with stable CAD (76 males, aged 61.0 ± 8.3 years) who were under cardiovascular care in an outpatient clinic for at least 3 months. Dietary intake was recorded applying a food frequency questionnaire previously validated. Periodontal examinations were performed by two calibrated examiners in six sites per tooth from all present teeth. Blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of lipids. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were fitted to evaluate the association between dietary outcomes and oral health variables.
Individuals with periodontitis had significantly higher percentage of total energy intake from fried foods, sweets, and beans, and also had lower consumption of fruits than those without periodontitis. Presence of periodontitis was associated with lower percentage of individuals who reached the nutritional recommendation of monounsaturated fatty acids and higher blood concentration of triglycerides. Having a greater number of present teeth (≥20 teeth) was associated with higher intake of fibers and total calories.
In patients with stable CAD, the presence of periodontitis and tooth loss were associated with a poor dietary intake of nutrients and healthy foods, which are important for cardiovascular prevention.
尽管心血管疾病与牙周炎之间存在关联，但关于口腔健康对冠心病（CAD）患者饮食摄入的影响的数据却很少。本研究旨在评估牙周炎和现有的牙齿状况与稳定型 CAD 患者饮食摄入之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，纳入了 115 名稳定型 CAD 患者（76 名男性，年龄 61.0±8.3 岁），他们在心血管门诊接受至少 3 个月的心血管治疗。通过先前经过验证的食物频率问卷记录饮食摄入情况。对所有现有的牙齿的六个部位的每颗牙齿进行两次校准检查者的牙周检查。采集血样以测定血脂水平。采用多变量逻辑回归和线性回归模型来评估饮食结果与口腔健康变量之间的关系。
患有牙周炎的个体从油炸食品、甜食和豆类中获得的总能量摄入百分比明显更高，且水果摄入量也低于无牙周炎的个体。患有牙周炎与达到单不饱和脂肪酸营养建议的个体比例较低和甘油三酯血浓度较高有关。现有的牙齿数量（≥20 颗）较多与纤维和总热量的摄入量较高有关。
在稳定型 CAD 患者中，牙周炎和牙齿缺失与不良的营养和健康食品摄入有关，这对心血管预防很重要。
