Chornenka Zhanetta A, Domanchuk Tetiana I
Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
Wiad Lek. 2019;72(3):442-446.
Introduction: The demographic situation in the country is largely due to the state of the economy and reflects the medical and social conditions of the population, which in turn testify to the state of the economy, the health care system, education, culture, and other factors. The aim: Analysis and comparison of the demographic situation in Ukraine with the EU countries, forecast for the future.
Materials and methods: The statistical materials of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine 2012-2016 were processed. A medical-statistical analysis of the system's performance indicators for the five components carried out; an assessment of the performance of the health system according to the WHO approach with certain modifications used.
Review: Having analyzed the statistics of the last years in Ukraine, the birth rate in 2017 decreased as compared to 2016, in January-April 2017 there was a natural decrease in the population, while migration processes in Ukraine exceeded immigration beyond its borders. In connection with the antiterrorist operation in the east of the country and the beginning of active hostilities in the region, the population was significantly reduced to 43 million people. Life expectancy has also changed, and today the average life expectancy in Ukraine is 71 years (66 years are men, 75 are women).
Conclusions: It is necessary to concentrate efforts on solving current problems - economic birth control, adequate social protection of families with children and the elderly, promoting a healthy lifestyle, ensuring the availability of quality medical care and education, which in turn will ensure an increase in the duration of a full active life.
引言：该国的人口状况在很大程度上归因于经济状况，并反映了人口的医疗和社会状况，而这反过来又证明了经济、医疗保健系统、教育、文化及其他因素的状况。目标：分析和比较乌克兰与欧盟国家的人口状况，并对未来进行预测。
材料与方法：对乌克兰卫生部医学统计中心2012 - 2016年的统计材料进行了处理。对该系统五个组成部分的绩效指标进行了医学统计分析；采用世界卫生组织的方法并做了某些修改，对卫生系统的绩效进行了评估。
综述：分析了乌克兰过去几年的统计数据后发现，2017年的出生率与2016年相比有所下降，2017年1月至4月人口出现自然减少，而乌克兰的移民进程超过了其境外的移民情况。由于该国东部的反恐行动以及该地区开始的激烈敌对行动，人口显著减少至4300万。预期寿命也发生了变化，如今乌克兰的平均预期寿命为71岁（男性为66岁，女性为75岁）。
结论：有必要集中精力解决当前问题——经济节育、对有孩子和老人的家庭提供适当的社会保护、推广健康的生活方式、确保获得高质量的医疗保健和教育，这反过来将确保充实的积极生活时长增加。
