German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Viruses. 2019 May 4;11(5):415. doi: 10.3390/v11050415.
Rodent protoparvoviruses (PVs), parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV) in particular, are naturally endowed with oncolytic properties. While being historically described as agents that selectively replicate in and kill cancer cells, recent yet growing evidence demonstrates that these viruses are able to reverse tumor-driven immune suppression through induction of immunogenic tumor cell death, and the establishment of antitumorigenic, proinflammatory milieu within the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the most important preclinical proofs of the interplay and the cooperation between PVs and the host immune system. The molecular mechanisms of PV-induced immunostimulation are also discussed. Furthermore, initial encouraging in-human observations from clinical trials and compassionate virus uses are presented, and speak in favor of further H-1PV clinical development as partner drug in combined immunotherapeutic protocols.
啮齿动物细小病毒（PVs），特别是细小病毒 H-1（H-1PV），天生具有溶瘤特性。虽然历史上被描述为选择性在癌细胞内复制并杀死癌细胞的药物，但最近越来越多的证据表明，这些病毒能够通过诱导免疫原性的肿瘤细胞死亡以及在肿瘤微环境中建立抗肿瘤、促炎的环境来逆转肿瘤驱动的免疫抑制。本综述总结了 PV 与宿主免疫系统相互作用和合作的最重要的临床前证据。还讨论了 PV 诱导免疫刺激的分子机制。此外，还提出了来自临床试验和同情使用的初步令人鼓舞的人体观察结果，并支持进一步将 H-1PV 作为联合免疫治疗方案中的伙伴药物进行临床开发。
