Department of Philosophy,Logic and Scientific Method,London School of Economics and Political Science,London WC2A 2AE,United
Behav Brain Sci. 2018 Jan;41:e97. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X1800002X.
We should distinguish between the apparent source of a norm and the scope of the norm's satisfaction conditions. Wide-scope social norms need not be externalised, and externalised social norms need not be wide in scope. Attending to this distinction leads to a problem for Stanford: The adaptive advantages he attributes to externalised norms are actually advantages of wide-scope norms.
我们应该区分规范的明显来源和规范的满足条件的范围。广泛范围的社会规范不一定是外化的,而外化的社会规范不一定具有广泛的范围。关注这一区别,会导致斯坦福面临一个问题:他归因于外化规范的适应优势实际上是广泛范围规范的优势。