认知负荷对损伤个体运动行为的影响：系统评价。

The Effects of Cognitive Loading on Motor Behavior in Injured Individuals: A Systematic Review.

机构信息

School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA.

Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32071, Boone, NC, 28608, USA.

出版信息

Sports Med. 2019 Aug;49(8):1233-1253. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01116-7.

DOI:10.1007/s40279-019-01116-7

PMID:31066022

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Research suggests that individuals with musculoskeletal injury may have difficulty negotiating physical tasks when they are combined with cognitive loads.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to conduct a systematic review to understand the effects of increased cognitive demand on movement patterns among individuals with musculoskeletal injuries.

METHODS

A comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and SPORTDiscus was conducted to find research reports that included a population that had previously experienced an ankle, knee, or low back injury, included an uninjured control group, and assessed a dual-task paradigm.

RESULTS

Forty-five full-text research reports were assessed, of which 28 studies (six ankle injury, nine knee injury, and 13 low back pain studies) were included in the review. Included studies were assessed for methodological quality and the study design extracted for analysis including the participants, cognitive and physical tasks performed, as well as outcome measures (e.g., three-dimensional kinematics, center of pressure, etc.). All studies included were cross-sectional or case-control with methodological quality scores of 17.8 ± 2.2 out of a possible 22. Twenty-five of the 28 studies found changes in motor performance with dual-task conditions compared with single tasks. Furthermore, 54% of studies reported a significant group by task interaction effect, reporting at least one alteration in injured groups' motor performance under dual-task conditions when compared with an uninjured group.

CONCLUSION

The results of this systematic review indicate that motor performance is further impaired by placing a cognitive load on individuals in populations with musculoskeletal injury. More demanding tasks such as gait appear to be more affected in injured individuals than simple balance tasks. Future investigators may want to consider the difficulty of the tasks included as well as the impact of dual-task paradigms on rehabilitation programs.

摘要

背景

研究表明，患有肌肉骨骼损伤的个体在进行需要同时兼顾认知负荷的身体任务时可能会遇到困难。

目的

我们的目的是进行系统评价，以了解认知需求增加对肌肉骨骼损伤个体运动模式的影响。

方法

全面检索 PubMed、MEDLINE、护理学和联合健康文献累积索引（CINAHL）和 SPORTDiscus，以找到包括以前经历过踝关节、膝关节或下背痛的人群的研究报告，包括未受伤的对照组，并评估双重任务范式。

结果

评估了 45 篇全文研究报告，其中 28 项研究（6 项踝关节损伤、9 项膝关节损伤和 13 项下背痛研究）纳入了综述。纳入的研究报告进行了方法学质量评估，并提取研究设计进行分析，包括参与者、进行的认知和身体任务以及结果测量（例如，三维运动学、压力中心等）。所有纳入的研究均为横断面或病例对照研究，方法学质量评分为 22 分中的 17.8±2.2 分。28 项研究中有 25 项研究发现，与单一任务相比，在双重任务条件下运动表现发生变化。此外，54%的研究报告说，在双重任务条件下，与未受伤组相比，受伤组的运动表现存在显著的组间任务交互效应。