Yuan Ye, Sun Peng, Jin Min, Wang Xuexi, Zhou Qicun
Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Front Physiol. 2019 Apr 24;10:454. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00454. eCollection 2019.
An 8-weeks feeding trial with swimming crab, , was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the lipid classes, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial energy metabolism relevant genes expression. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain fish oil (FO), krill oil (KO), palm oil (PO), rapeseed oil (RO), soybean oil (SO), and linseed oil (LO), respectively. A total of 270 swimming crab juveniles (initial weight 5.43 ± 0.03 g) were randomly divided into six diets with three replications, each consisted of 45 juvenile crabs. The results revealed that crabs fed KO had highest lipid content in hepatopancreas and free fatty acids in serum among all diets. The anabolic pathway relevant genes: and were up-regulated in KO diet. The catabolic pathway relevant genes, , was up-regulated in LO diet, while was up-regulated in KO diet. Whereas, the genes involved in the transport and uptake of fatty acids such as and were down-regulated in crab fed PO and RO diets. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of transcription factors: and α in KO and SO diets were the highest among all diets. FO and KO diets had significantly higher unsaturation index of mitochondrial membrane than others. The genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism, such as , , and were significantly up-regulated in KO and SO diets. In summary, dietary KO and SO supplementation could improve the lipid metabolism, promote energy production for juvenile swimming crab and improve physiological process and function including molting. These findings could contribute to deepen the understanding of the physiological metabolism of dietary fatty acids for swimming crab.
进行了一项为期8周的梭子蟹喂养试验，以研究不同膳食脂质来源对脂质类别、脂质代谢以及与线粒体能量代谢相关基因表达的影响。配制了六种等氮等脂的实验饲料，分别含有鱼油（FO）、磷虾油（KO）、棕榈油（PO）、菜籽油（RO）、大豆油（SO）和亚麻籽油（LO）。总共270只梭子蟹幼体（初始体重5.43±0.03克）被随机分为六组，每组三种重复，每组由45只幼蟹组成。结果显示，在所有饲料组中，喂食磷虾油的梭子蟹肝胰腺中的脂质含量最高，血清中的游离脂肪酸含量也最高。与合成代谢途径相关的基因：和在磷虾油饲料组中上调。与分解代谢途径相关的基因，在亚麻籽油饲料组中上调，而在磷虾油饲料组中上调。然而，在喂食棕榈油和菜籽油饲料的梭子蟹中，参与脂肪酸转运和摄取的基因如和被下调。此外，在磷虾油和大豆油饲料组中，转录因子：和α的基因表达水平在所有饲料组中最高。鱼油和磷虾油饲料组的线粒体膜不饱和指数显著高于其他组。与线粒体能量代谢相关的基因，如、和在磷虾油和大豆油饲料组中显著上调。综上所述，膳食补充磷虾油和大豆油可以改善脂质代谢，促进梭子蟹幼体的能量产生，并改善包括蜕皮在内的生理过程和功能。这些发现有助于加深对梭子蟹膳食脂肪酸生理代谢的理解。
