Wei Banghong, Yang Zhigang, Wang Jianyi, Chen Aqin, Shi Qiuyan, Cheng Yongxu
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 28;12(7):e0182087. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182087. eCollection 2017.
Fish oil supplies worldwide have declined sharply over the years. To reduce the use of fish oil in aquaculture, many studies have explored the effects of fish oil substitutions on aquatic animals. To illustrate the effects of dietary lipids on Chinese mitten crab and to improve the use of vegetable oils in the diet of the crabs, 60 male juvenile Chinese mitten crabs were fed one of five diets for 116 days: fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO), linseed oil (LO), FO + SO (1:1, FSO), and FO + LO (1:1, FLO). Changes in the crab hepatopancreas transcriptome were analyzed using RNA sequencing. There were a total 55,167 unigenes obtained from the transcriptome, of which the expression of 3030 was significantly altered in the FLO vs. FO groups, but the expression of only 412 unigenes was altered in the FSO vs. FO groups. The diets significantly altered the expression of many enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, such as pancreatic lipase, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and fatty acyl Δ9-desaturase. The dietary lipids also affected the Toll-like receptor and Janus activated kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathways. Our results indicate that substituting fish oil with vegetable oils in the diet of Chinese mitten crabs might decrease the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids, fatty acids biosynthesis, and immunologic viral defense, and increase β-oxidation by altering the expression of the relevant genes. Our results lay the foundation for further understanding of lipid nutrition in Chinese mitten crab.
多年来，全球鱼油供应量急剧下降。为减少水产养殖中鱼油的使用，许多研究探讨了鱼油替代物对水生动物的影响。为阐明日粮脂质对中华绒螯蟹的影响并提高植物油在蟹日粮中的利用率，将60只雄性中华绒螯蟹幼蟹分为五组，分别投喂五种日粮之一，持续116天：鱼油（FO）、大豆油（SO）、亚麻籽油（LO）、鱼油+大豆油（1:1，FSO）和鱼油+亚麻籽油（1:1，FLO）。使用RNA测序分析蟹肝胰腺转录组的变化。转录组共获得55167个单基因，其中FLO组与FO组相比有3030个单基因的表达发生显著改变，而FSO组与FO组相比只有412个单基因的表达发生改变。日粮显著改变了许多参与脂质代谢的酶的表达，如胰脂肪酶、长链酰基辅酶A合成酶、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶I、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、脂肪酸合酶和脂肪酸Δ9-去饱和酶。日粮脂质还影响Toll样受体以及Janus激活激酶-信号转导和转录激活因子信号通路。我们的结果表明，在中华绒螯蟹日粮中用植物油替代鱼油可能会降低日粮脂质的消化吸收、脂肪酸生物合成和免疫病毒防御，并通过改变相关基因的表达增加β-氧化。我们的结果为进一步了解中华绒螯蟹的脂质营养奠定了基础。
