Chupanit Pornpimon, Muktabhant Benja, Schelp Frank Peter
Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Research Group on Prevention and Control of Diabetes Mellitus in the Northeast of Thailand, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
F1000Res. 2018 Jun 25;7:905. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.15075.2. eCollection 2018.
Nutritional transition influences a shift in eating behaviour that is associated with a rise in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a set of NCD risk factors. This study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS and its components. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 468 adults aged 35-60 years who were residents of a semi-urban district of one of the central provinces in the northeast of Thailand. A factor analysis identified dietary patterns based on the consumption of 21 food groups, which were assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. MetS was identified by using the harmonized criteria that were stipulated by six leading international organisations. The association between dietary patterns and MetS and its components were evaluated by multiple logistic regressions. The confounding factors adjusted in the model were age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, and medication intake. Two dietary patterns were identified: a traditional pattern characterised by high intakes of sticky rice and animal source foods; a mixed pattern included high intakes of white rice and a variety of food groups. The two dietary patterns did not show any association with MetS. Participants in the highest tertile of the traditional pattern was significantly related to high triglycerides (adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.10-2.88), in comparison to those from the lowest tertile, whereas participants in the highest tertile of the mixed pattern was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR= 0.49, 95% CI: 0.30-0.81) than those in the lowest tertile. Adherence to a traditional dietary pattern among the northeast Thai adults, in the context of nutrition transition, was associated with high triglyceride levels while the mixed dietary pattern was inversely related to abdominal obesity.
营养转型影响饮食行为的转变，这与非传染性疾病（NCDs）患病率的上升有关。代谢综合征（MetS）包含一组非传染性疾病风险因素。本研究旨在调查饮食模式，并确定饮食模式与代谢综合征及其组成部分之间的关系。在泰国东北部中部省份一个半城市地区的468名35至60岁成年人中进行了一项分析性横断面研究。通过对21种食物组的消费情况进行因子分析来确定饮食模式，这些食物组通过半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。使用六个主要国际组织规定的统一标准来确定代谢综合征。通过多元逻辑回归评估饮食模式与代谢综合征及其组成部分之间的关联。模型中调整的混杂因素包括年龄、性别、吸烟状况、身体活动和药物摄入。确定了两种饮食模式：一种传统模式，其特点是糯米和动物源食物摄入量高；一种混合模式，包括白米和各种食物组的高摄入量。这两种饮食模式与代谢综合征均无关联。与最低三分位数的参与者相比，传统模式最高三分位数的参与者与高甘油三酯显著相关（调整后的OR = 1.74，95% CI：1.10 - 2.88），而混合模式最高三分位数的参与者与腹部肥胖呈负相关（调整后的OR = 0.49，95% CI：0.30 - 0.81），低于最低三分位数的参与者。在营养转型的背景下，泰国东北部成年人坚持传统饮食模式与高甘油三酯水平相关，而混合饮食模式与腹部肥胖呈负相关。
