Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University.
Psychol Trauma. 2019 Nov;11(8):877-885. doi: 10.1037/tra0000465. Epub 2019 May 9.
Using Stein et al.'s (2012) categorization scheme for typing Criterion A events (i.e., Life Threat to Self, Life Threat to Other, Aftermath of Violence, Traumatic Loss, Moral Injury by Self, and Moral Injury by Other) and extending Litz et al.'s (2018) prior work, we investigated the prevalence of trauma types, prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder within each trauma type, and associations between trauma types and behavioral and mental health outcomes for an epidemiological sample of service members.
Criterion A events coded by independent raters (kappas = .85-1.00) were used to determine prevalence rates and to conduct two path models examining all trauma types in relation to mental health outcomes.
Consistent with prior research, we found events containing Life Threat to Self (51.1%) and Life Threat to Other (30.8%) to be most prevalent, and a majority of events (62.9%) were coded with one trauma type. Although least prevalent, Aftermath of Violence (12.0%) and Moral Injury by Self (4.8%) were most frequently and strongly associated with worse mental health outcomes. Path models predicted a very small amount of variance in continuous outcomes, thus limiting the interpretation of findings.
More epidemiological research is needed to understand the role of trauma type in relation to mental health among nontreatment-seeking service members. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
使用 Stein 等人（2012）对 A 类标准事件（即自我生命威胁、他人生命威胁、暴力后果、创伤性丧失、自我道德伤害和他人道德伤害）进行分类的方案，并扩展 Litz 等人（2018）的先前工作，我们调查了创伤类型的流行率、每种创伤类型中心理创伤障碍的流行率，以及创伤类型与服务成员的行为和心理健康结果之间的关联。
使用独立评估员编码的 A 类标准事件（kappa 值=.85-1.00）来确定流行率，并进行两个路径模型，检验所有创伤类型与心理健康结果之间的关系。
与先前的研究一致，我们发现包含自我生命威胁（51.1%）和他人生命威胁（30.8%）的事件最为常见，大多数事件（62.9%）被编码为一种创伤类型。尽管最少见，但暴力后果（12.0%）和自我道德伤害（4.8%）与更差的心理健康结果最频繁且强烈相关。路径模型预测连续结果的方差很小，因此限制了对发现的解释。
需要更多的流行病学研究来理解创伤类型在未经治疗的服务成员的心理健康中的作用。（美国心理协会，2019）
