Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2020 Jan;39(1):82-92. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1605313. Epub 2019 May 10.
Phytosterol and phytostanol (PS) supplementation is reported to improve atherogenic and anti-atherogenic apolipoproteins (Apo). The purpose of the present study is to critically investigate the effectiveness of PS supplementation on Apo in adults.A comprehensive search was conducted of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted up to September 2018 in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method).Fifty-one arms from 37 RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. Findings showed that PS supplementation and fortification increased Apo-AI (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.014 mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.028, = 0.042) and Apo-CII (WMD: 0.303 mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.084, 0.523, = 0.007) and lowered Apo-B (WMD: -0.063 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.075, -0.051, < 0.001), Apo-B/Apo-A-I ratio (WMD: -0.044 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.062, -0.025, < 0.001), and Apo-E (WMD: -0.255 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.474, -0.036, = 0.023). However, PS supplementation did not have significant effects on Apo-AII and Apo-CIII. PS supplementation or fortification significantly changes Apo-E ( = -0.137, nonlinearity = 0.006) and Apo-CIII ( = 1.26, nonlinearity = 0.028) based on PS dosage (mg/d) and Apo-CIII ( = 3.34, nonlinearity = 0.013) and Apo-CII ( = 1.09, nonlinearity = 0.017) based on trial duration (weeks) in a nonlinear fashion.Based on our findings, supplements or fortified foods containing PS might have a considerable favorite effect in achieving Apo profile target; however, due to high heterogeneity among included studies, results must be interpreted with caution.KEY TEACHING POINTSCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) recognized as main public health concern worldwide with considerable mortality of all global deaths.Apo-lipoproteins are amphipathic molecules involved in the lipoprotein metabolism which introduced as .Phytosterols bioactive components of plants have important biological functions in cholesterol metabolism in humans.Here we showed that phytosterols and phytostanols improve apo-lipoproteins profile of humans; finding from meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Phytosterols supplementation lowered atherogenic apo-lipoproteins (Apo-B and Apo-E) and increased anti-atherogenic apo-lipoproteins (Apo-AI, Apo-CII).
植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇（PS）补充剂据称可改善动脉粥样硬化和抗动脉粥样硬化载脂蛋白（Apo）。本研究的目的是批判性地研究 PS 补充剂对成年人 Apo 的有效性。
全面检索了截至 2018 年 9 月在以下数据库中进行的所有随机对照试验（RCT）：PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆和 Scopus。使用随机效应模型（DerSimonian-Laird 方法）汇总了具有 95%置信区间（CI）的均数差值。
本荟萃分析纳入了来自 37 项 RCT 的 51 个臂。研究结果表明，PS 补充剂和强化剂增加了 Apo-AI（加权均数差值 [WMD]：0.014mg/dl，95%CI：0.001，0.028， = 0.042）和 Apo-CII（WMD：0.303mg/dl，95%CI：0.084，0.523， = 0.007），降低了 Apo-B（WMD：-0.063mg/dl，95%CI：-0.075，-0.051， < 0.001）、Apo-B/Apo-A-I 比值（WMD：-0.044mg/dl，95%CI：-0.062，-0.025， < 0.001）和 Apo-E（WMD：-0.255mg/dl，95%CI：-0.474，-0.036， = 0.023）。然而，PS 补充剂对 Apo-AII 和 Apo-CIII 没有显著影响。PS 补充剂或强化剂对 Apo-E（ = -0.137，非线性 = 0.006）和 Apo-CIII（ = 1.26，非线性 = 0.028）具有显著影响，这取决于 PS 剂量（mg/d）和 Apo-CIII（ = 3.34，非线性 = 0.013）和 Apo-CII（ = 1.09，非线性 = 0.017）基于试验持续时间（周），呈非线性方式。
基于我们的研究结果，含有 PS 的补充剂或强化食品可能对实现 Apo 谱目标具有相当大的优势；然而，由于纳入研究之间存在高度异质性，因此必须谨慎解释结果。
心血管疾病（CVDs）被认为是全球主要的公共卫生问题，占全球所有死亡人数的相当大比例。
载脂蛋白是参与脂蛋白代谢的两性分子，被引入为。
植物甾醇是植物中的生物活性成分，在人类胆固醇代谢中具有重要的生物学功能。
在这里，我们表明植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇可改善人类的载脂蛋白谱；这是来自随机对照试验的荟萃分析的结果。
植物甾醇补充剂降低了动脉粥样硬化载脂蛋白（Apo-B 和 Apo-E），增加了抗动脉粥样硬化载脂蛋白（Apo-AI、Apo-CII）。
