Departamento de Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Departamento de Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct;48:40-47. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.04.003. Epub 2019 May 9.
In recent years, the number of pathogenic microorganisms resistant to antibiotics has increased alarmingly. For the next 10-20 years, health organizations forecast high human mortality caused by these microorganisms. Therefore, the search for new anti-infectives is quite necessary and urgent. Traditionally, antibiotic-producing microorganisms have been isolated from common soil samples. However, this source seems to be exhausted considering the very few examples of antibiotic-producing microorganisms reported recently. In this review, non-conventional sources of anti-infective producing microorganisms are presented as a possible way to look for new and more effective compounds. These sources included arid soils, caves, areas with high temperatures (hot springs), high salinity or oceans and seas. Finally, other non-conventional sources of antibiotics reviewed are animal and invertebrate venoms, among others.
近年来，对抗生素具有耐药性的致病微生物数量惊人地增加。在未来 10-20 年内，卫生组织预计这些微生物会导致高死亡率。因此，寻找新的抗感染药物是非常必要和紧迫的。传统上，抗生素产生微生物是从常见的土壤样本中分离出来的。然而，考虑到最近报道的抗生素产生微生物的例子非常少，这种来源似乎已经枯竭。在这篇综述中，介绍了抗感染产生微生物的非常规来源，作为寻找新的、更有效的化合物的一种可能途径。这些来源包括干旱土壤、洞穴、高温（温泉）、高盐度或海洋。最后，还综述了其他非常规的抗生素来源，如动物和无脊椎动物毒液等。
