Division of Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Special Task force for Activating Research in Renal Nutrition (Renal Nutrition Research Group), Office of Research Affairs, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Nephrology, San Francisco and San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.
J Ren Nutr. 2019 Nov;29(6):498-503. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2019.03.081. Epub 2019 May 8.
OBJECTIVE(S): The newly developed Low Physical Activity Questionnaire (LoPAQ) was designed to capture the low activity level among typically sedentary patients undergoing dialysis and correlated well with a physical activity questionnaire used in the general population. However, this instrument has not been validated against a more objective measure.
We recruited patients receiving dialysis for ≥3 months from 3 dialysis facilities in San Francisco. Spontaneous walking activity was measured by pedometers over 7 days including a weekend and used as the standard reference. Patients were instructed to record their activities and step count readings. Study coordinators administered the LoPAQ during a dialysis session (hemodialysis [HD]) or clinic visit (peritoneal dialysis [PD]). The LoPAQ ascertains time and energy expended in walking activity, as well as light, moderate, and vigorous activity, and total physical activity during a 1-week recall period with 11 simple questions and requires approximately 10 minutes to administer. The LoPAQ also asks about time spent in sitting activities over 1 week. Spearman correlation was used to determine whether the LoPAQ results correlate with step counts.
Sixty dialysis patients (HD = 48, PD = 12) completed the LoPAQ and wore a pedometer for 1 week. Mean age was 58.0 ± 12.7 years, 78.3% were men, and median dialysis vintage was 3.1 (IQR, 1.1-5.8) years. Median step count was 2,630.5 (1,270.7-5,137) steps/day. Most patients (82.8%) reported walking activity around the neighborhood, for transportation, and/or for fitness or pleasure, with a median of 595 (70-1,566.3) kcal/week. Total kilocalories per week of physical activity reported on the LoPAQ were 655 (422.8-2,336.8). Participants reported an average of 5 (3-8) sedentary hours per day. Energy expenditure in walking by the LoPAQ was highly correlated with weekly step counts (rho = 0.53, P < .001). In addition, the overall activity reported on the LoPAQ correlated with weekly pedometer readings (rho = 0.35, P = .01) and did not differ between HD and PD patients.
The LoPAQ was easier and less time-consuming than previously validated physical activity questionnaires. LoPAQ demonstrated a good correlation with objective pedometer step counts among dialysis patients, similar to other physical activity instruments used in healthier and more active populations.
新开发的低体力活动问卷（LoPAQ）旨在捕捉接受透析的典型久坐患者的低活动水平，与一般人群中使用的体力活动问卷相关性良好。然而，该工具尚未经过更客观的测量验证。
我们从旧金山的 3 个透析中心招募了接受透析治疗≥3 个月的患者。通过计步器测量 7 天的自发步行活动，包括一个周末，并将其作为标准参考。患者被指示记录他们的活动和步数读数。研究协调员在透析期间（血液透析[HD]）或诊所就诊时（腹膜透析[PD]）进行 LoPAQ。LoPAQ 确定在 1 周回忆期内步行活动、轻、中、高强度活动以及总体力活动所花费的时间和能量，以及 11 个简单问题所花费的时间，需要大约 10 分钟来管理。LoPAQ 还询问了 1 周内坐着活动所花费的时间。使用 Spearman 相关系数确定 LoPAQ 结果与步数是否相关。
60 名透析患者（HD=48，PD=12）完成了 LoPAQ 并佩戴计步器 1 周。平均年龄为 58.0±12.7 岁，78.3%为男性，中位数透析龄为 3.1（IQR，1.1-5.8）年。中位数步数为 2630.5（1270.7-5137）步/天。大多数患者（82.8%）报告在附近散步、用于交通和/或健身或娱乐，中位数为每周 595（70-1566.3）千卡。LoPAQ 报告的每周总体力活动千卡数为 655（422.8-2336.8）。参与者报告平均每天有 5（3-8）小时久坐。LoPAQ 的步行能量消耗与每周步数高度相关（rho=0.53，P<0.001）。此外，LoPAQ 报告的整体活动与每周计步器读数相关（rho=0.35，P=0.01），并且在 HD 和 PD 患者之间没有差异。
与以前经过验证的体力活动问卷相比，LoPAQ 更简单、耗时更少。LoPAQ 在透析患者中与客观计步器步数具有良好的相关性，与在更健康和更活跃的人群中使用的其他体力活动工具相似。
