Space Biology and Environment center, Aerospace Research Institute, Ministry of Science Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension organization (AREEO), Hessarak, Karaj, 31975/148, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 May 12;191(6):362. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7458-4.
The Ailanthus altissima pollen (AAP) has been reported as an emerging aeroallergen worldwide. This paper aims at examining the allergen pattern and the elemental composition of A. altissima pollen collected during two consecutive seasons (2014 and 2015). A gel-based allergomic study and SEM coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis have been carried out in order to evaluate the allergenic and elemental composition of AAP in two consecutive years. The IgE reactive patterns of 2014 and 2015 AAP PBS extracts were compared using the serum of a 31-year-old woman suffering from severe pollinosis symptoms to AAP. The EDX analysis revealed an important year-to-year variation in the ratios of some polluting elements such as nickel, sulfur, aluminum, lead, and copper. Gel alignments and comparative immunoproteomic analyses showed differential protein expression and IgE reactive patterns between AAPs collected in 2014 and 2015 pollinating seasons. From 20 distinct IgE-reactive spots detected in AAP extracts, 13 proteins showed higher expression in 2014 sample, while 7 allergen candidates exhibited an increased expression in AAP collected in 2015. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-MS/MS analyses led to the identification of 13 IgE-binding proteins with confidence, all belonging to well-known allergenic protein families, i.e., enolase, calreticulin, and pectate lyase. Overall, the 2014 AAP showed higher concentrations of urban polluting elements as well as an increased expression of allergenic pectate lyase isoforms of about 52 kDa. This study demonstrates that the implementation of allergomic tools for the safety assessment of newly introduced and invasive plant species would help to the comprehensive monitoring of proteomic and transcriptomic alterations involving environmental allergens.
臭椿花粉（AAP）已被报道为全球新兴的空气过敏原。本文旨在研究连续两个季节（2014 年和 2015 年）收集的臭椿花粉的过敏原模式和元素组成。为了评估连续两年 AAP 的变应原和元素组成，进行了基于凝胶的变应原组学研究和 SEM 与能量色散 X 射线（EDX）分析相结合的研究。使用一位 31 岁的患有严重花粉过敏症状的女性的血清比较了 2014 年和 2015 年 AAP PBS 提取物的 IgE 反应模式。EDX 分析显示，一些污染元素（如镍、硫、铝、铅和铜）的比例在两年之间存在重要的变化。凝胶对齐和比较免疫蛋白质组学分析显示，在 2014 年和 2015 年授粉季节收集的 AAP 之间，蛋白质表达和 IgE 反应模式存在差异。在 AAP 提取物中检测到 20 个不同的 IgE 反应点，其中 13 种蛋白质在 2014 年样品中表达较高，而 7 种过敏原候选物在 2015 年收集的 AAP 中表达增加。基质辅助激光解吸电离-MS/MS 分析鉴定了 13 种具有可信度的 IgE 结合蛋白，它们均属于已知的变应原蛋白家族，即烯醇酶、钙网蛋白和果胶裂解酶。总体而言，2014 年 AAP 显示出较高浓度的城市污染元素，以及约 52 kDa 的过敏原果胶裂解酶同工型的表达增加。这项研究表明，实施变应原组学工具来评估新引入和入侵植物物种的安全性有助于全面监测涉及环境过敏原的蛋白质组学和转录组学变化。
