健康成年猫中针对猫疱疹病毒-1 疫苗的抗体反应。
Antibody response to feline herpesvirus-1 vaccination in healthy adult cats.
机构信息
Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
出版信息
J Feline Med Surg. 2020 Apr;22(4):329-338. doi: 10.1177/1098612X19845702. Epub 2019 May 13.
OBJECTIVES
Vaccination against feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) is recommended for all cats. However, it is unknown how adult healthy cats with different pre-vaccination antibodies respond to FHV-1 vaccination in the field. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of neutralising antibodies against FHV-1 in healthy adult cats and the response to FHV-1 vaccination within 28 days of vaccination.
METHODS
One hundred and ten cats (⩾1 year of age) that had not received a vaccination within the past 12 months were vaccinated with a combined FHV-1 vaccine. Antibodies against FHV-1 were determined before vaccination (day 0), on day 7 and day 28 by serum neutralisation test. Uni- and multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine factors associated with the presence of pre-vaccination antibodies and response to vaccination.
RESULTS
Pre-vaccination neutralising antibody titres (⩾10) were present in 40.9% of cats (45/110; 95% confidence interval [CI] 32.2-50.3); titres were generally low (range 10-640). Antibody response to vaccination (⩾four-fold titre increase) was observed in 8.3% (9/109; 95% CI 4.2-15.1). Cats ⩾2 years of age were more likely to have pre-vaccination neutralising antibodies than cats aged between 1 and 2 years (odds ratio [OR] 24.619; = 0.005). Cats from breeders were more likely to have pre-vaccination neutralising antibodies than privately owned cats (OR 7.070; = 0.007). Domestic shorthair cats were more likely to have an at least four-fold titre increase vs purebred cats (OR 11.22; = 0.027).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Many cats have no detectable neutralising antibodies against FHV-1 despite previous vaccinations and fail to develop a ⩾four-fold titre increase after vaccination. This is likely because older cats and cats with a higher FHV-1 exposure risk are more likely to get infected with FHV-1 and thus to have FHV-1 neutralizing antibodies. Purebred cats more often fail to develop a ⩾four-fold titre increase after vaccination.
目的
接种猫疱疹病毒-1（FHV-1）疫苗被推荐用于所有猫。然而，尚不清楚在野外，具有不同预接种抗体的成年健康猫对 FHV-1 疫苗接种的反应如何。本研究的目的是确定健康成年猫中针对 FHV-1 的中和抗体的流行率，并确定接种疫苗后 28 天内对 FHV-1 疫苗接种的反应。
方法
110 只（≥1 岁）未在过去 12 个月内接种疫苗的猫接种了一种联合 FHV-1 疫苗。在接种前（第 0 天）、第 7 天和第 28 天通过血清中和试验测定针对 FHV-1 的抗体。使用单变量和多变量统计分析来确定与预接种抗体存在和接种反应相关的因素。
结果
40.9%（45/110；95%置信区间[CI] 32.2-50.3）的猫在接种前存在中和抗体滴度（≥10）；滴度通常较低（范围 10-640）。在 8.3%（9/109；95%CI 4.2-15.1）的猫中观察到针对疫苗接种的抗体反应（抗体滴度增加四倍以上）。2 岁以上的猫比 1-2 岁的猫更有可能具有预接种的中和抗体（优势比[OR] 24.619； = 0.005）。来自繁殖者的猫比私人拥有的猫更有可能具有预接种的中和抗体（OR 7.070； = 0.007）。与纯种猫相比，家猫更有可能出现至少四倍的滴度增加（OR 11.22； = 0.027）。
结论和相关性
尽管以前进行过疫苗接种，但许多猫仍未检测到针对 FHV-1 的中和抗体，并且在接种后未能产生至少四倍的滴度增加。这可能是因为年龄较大的猫和具有更高 FHV-1 暴露风险的猫更容易感染 FHV-1，因此具有 FHV-1 中和抗体。接种疫苗后，纯种猫更常未能产生至少四倍的滴度增加。
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