Kwak Minyoung, Leick Katie M, Melssen Marit M, Slingluff Craig L
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, PO Box 800709, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709, USA; Department of Surgery, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, PO Box 800709, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709, USA; Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2019 Jul;28(3):337-351. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
The incidence of melanoma continues to increase even as advances in immunotherapy have led to survival benefits in advanced stages. Vaccines are capable of inducing strong, antitumor immune responses with limited toxicity. Some vaccines have demonstrated clinical benefit in clinical trials alone; however, others have not despite inducing strong immune responses. Recent advancements have improved vaccine design, and combining vaccines with other immunotherapies offers promise. This review highlights the underlying principles of vaccine development, common components of vaccines, and the remaining challenges and future directions of vaccine therapy in melanoma.
尽管免疫疗法的进展已使晚期黑色素瘤患者的生存率提高，但黑色素瘤的发病率仍在持续上升。疫苗能够诱导强烈的抗肿瘤免疫反应，且毒性有限。一些疫苗仅在临床试验中就已显示出临床益处；然而，其他一些疫苗尽管诱导了强烈的免疫反应，但却未显示出临床益处。最近的进展改进了疫苗设计，将疫苗与其他免疫疗法联合使用具有前景。本综述重点介绍了疫苗开发的基本原则、疫苗的常见成分，以及黑色素瘤疫苗治疗中尚存的挑战和未来方向。
