J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019 Sep;119(9):1501-1510. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.03.010. Epub 2019 May 9.
Current literature does not indicate if the amount and animal vs plant protein are equally important in the prevention of muscle loss in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
The aim of the study was to examine the associations between amount or animal vs plant protein and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults aged 40 to 80 years.
A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective, community-based cohort was performed.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants included 1,044 men and 2,169 women aged 40 to 80 years from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study 2011-2013 with body composition measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight. Participants in the lowest quartile of the sex-specific SMI were considered to have low muscle mass (LMM).
Analyses of covariance were performed to estimate the SMI across quintiles of relative dietary intake of total, animal, and plant protein and the ratio of animal-to-plant protein. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations between quintiles of protein intake and LMM.
The SMI increased significantly across quintiles of relative dietary intake of total, animal, and plant protein (all P trends<0.001). Odds ratios (95% CIs) for LMM among participants in the highest (vs lowest) quintile were 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) for total protein, 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) for animal protein, and 0.4 (0.3, 0.7) for plant protein, respectively (all P trends<0.001). However, the ratio of animal-to-plant protein was not associated with either the SMI or the presence of LMM.
Higher dietary intakes of total, animal, and plant protein, regardless of the ratio of animal-to-plant protein, are associated with greater skeletal muscle mass in community-dwelling middle-aged and older Chinese adults with a mean protein intake above the current recommendation for protein of 0.8 g/kg per day.
目前的文献并没有表明在预防中年和老年中国人的肌肉减少方面，蛋白质的摄入量和动物蛋白与植物蛋白是否同样重要。
本研究旨在探讨中国 40 至 80 岁成年人的蛋白质摄入量和动物蛋白与植物蛋白与骨骼肌量之间的关系。
对一项前瞻性、基于社区的队列进行了横断面分析。
参与者/设置：参与者包括 2011-2013 年广州营养与健康研究中的 1044 名男性和 2169 名 40 至 80 岁的女性，通过双能 X 射线吸收法进行身体成分测量。
骨骼肌指数（SMI）定义为四肢骨骼肌质量除以体重。SMI 处于性别特异性 SMI 最低四分位数的参与者被认为存在肌肉量低（LMM）。
采用协方差分析估计总、动物和植物蛋白的相对膳食摄入量以及动物蛋白与植物蛋白比值的五分位数与 SMI 之间的关系。应用逻辑回归模型评估蛋白质摄入量五分位数与 LMM 之间的关系。
随着总、动物和植物蛋白的相对膳食摄入量五分位数的增加，SMI 显著增加（所有 P 趋势<0.001）。与最低五分位组相比，最高五分位组发生 LMM 的比值比（95%CI）分别为总蛋白（0.3[0.2,0.4]）、动物蛋白（0.3[0.2,0.5]）和植物蛋白（0.4[0.3,0.7]）（所有 P 趋势<0.001）。然而，动物蛋白与植物蛋白的比值与 SMI 或 LMM 的发生均无关联。
在社区居住的中年和老年中国成年人中，无论动物蛋白与植物蛋白的比值如何，较高的总蛋白、动物蛋白和植物蛋白的膳食摄入量与更大的骨骼肌量相关，而这些成年人的平均蛋白质摄入量高于当前 0.8g/kg/天的蛋白质推荐摄入量。
