Information School, University of Sheffield.
School of Design, University of Leeds.
Health Commun. 2020 Aug;35(9):1091-1100. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2019.1613478. Epub 2019 May 15.
Posters encouraging handwashing would seem to offer a low-cost solution addressing barriers to handwashing in schools. However, what barriers can be successfully addressed and, how effective posters targeted at children may be is not known. In this study, using a co-design methodology, seventy-nine children (aged 6 to 11) from three English schools evaluated and generated handwashing messages in two workshops.The results were then compared with an evaluation (by the authors) of handwashing posters targeted at children. Messages that children considered most effective addressed barriers relating to reminders and encouragement, and education and information (particularly germ transmission, consequence, location and avoidance).Messages that addressed time and social norms were not considered as effective.Posters targeted at children also used reminders and encouragement, and education and information messages. However, the focus of these education and information messages was on instruction (how and when to wash hands), not on germs. Unlike the posters targeted at children, the majority of children's messages were persuasive in that they did more than simply instruct. This has implications for the design of posters and educational material in handwashing interventions.
海报鼓励洗手似乎提供了一种低成本的解决方案，可以解决学校洗手的障碍。然而，哪些障碍可以得到成功解决，以及针对儿童的海报可能有多有效尚不清楚。在这项研究中，使用共同设计方法，来自三所英国学校的 79 名儿童（6 至 11 岁）在两个研讨会上评估并生成了洗手信息。然后将结果与针对儿童的洗手海报评估（由作者进行）进行了比较。孩子们认为最有效的信息解决了与提醒和鼓励以及教育和信息（特别是细菌传播、后果、位置和避免）有关的障碍。涉及时间和社会规范的信息则不被认为那么有效。针对儿童的海报也使用了提醒和鼓励以及教育和信息信息。然而，这些教育和信息信息的重点是指导（如何以及何时洗手），而不是细菌。与针对儿童的海报不同，大多数孩子的信息都是有说服力的，因为它们不仅仅是指导。这对手动干预中海报和教育材料的设计具有启示意义。
