Cassiani Silvia Helena De Bortoli, Hoyos Maria Cristina, Barreto Maynara Fernanda Carvalho, Sives Katie, da Silva Fernando Antonio Menezes
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Washington D.C., Estados Unidos de América.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2018 May 11;42:e72. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2018.72. eCollection 2018.
Describe the distribution of the nursing workforce in countries of the Region of the Americas and the relation between the number of human resources in nursing and maternal mortality ratios.
Descriptive and exploratory analysis of 27 countries of the Region. The variables in the study were the proportion of health professionals per country and subregion; professional category; and nurse-to-physician ratio. The maternal mortality ratio was used as an overall indicator of the health of the population to analyze its relationship to the number of nurses. Frequency distribution and density of human resources in nursing were analyzed per country and subregion.
The distribution of nursing personnel was heterogeneous. Some countries had more than 80 nurses per 10 000 population and others had fewer than five professionals per 10 000 population. In 34.1% of the countries, the nurse-to-physician ratio was less than 1. Differences in the distribution of nursing personnel were observed between regions and subregions, and within countries.
In several countries, the number of nurses per capita was less than expected. The majority of the countries showed a significantly lower proportion of licensed nurses with respect to technical and auxiliary personnel. It is necessary to implement initiatives to increase the number of licensed nurses throughout the Region.
描述美洲区域各国护理劳动力的分布情况以及护理人力资源数量与孕产妇死亡率之间的关系。
对该区域27个国家进行描述性和探索性分析。研究中的变量包括每个国家和次区域卫生专业人员的比例、专业类别以及护士与医生的比例。孕产妇死亡率被用作人口健康的总体指标，以分析其与护士数量的关系。分析了每个国家和次区域护理人力资源的频率分布和密度。
护理人员的分布不均衡。一些国家每万人口中有80多名护士，而另一些国家每万人口中专业人员不足5名。在34.1%的国家中，护士与医生的比例小于1。在不同区域和次区域之间以及国家内部，护理人员的分布存在差异。
在一些国家，人均护士数量低于预期。大多数国家的执业护士比例相对于技术和辅助人员显著较低。有必要在整个区域采取举措增加执业护士的数量。
