Zhang Wan-Qing, Tang Wen, Hu Fei-Hong, Jia Yi-Jie, Ge Meng-Wei, Zhao Dan-Yan, Shen Wang-Qin, Zha Man-Li, Chen Hong-Lin
School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2023 Dec;148:104612. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104612. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Shortages of nurses and unequal distribution of nursing staff have been huge challenges for global health services.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the National Nursing Development Plan on nursing human resources in China.
An interrupted time series design was used in this study. The data for this study were extracted from the National Health Statistics Yearbook from 1978 to 2021. The Ministry of Health issued the National Nursing Development Plan (2005-2010) in July 2005. Subsequently, the strategic plan was issued every 5 years: the National Nursing Development Plan (2011-2015), the National Nursing Development Plan (2016-2020), and the National Nursing Development Plan (2021-2025). This study used five indicators including 1) the number of registered nurses (RNs) in China, 2) the number of RNs per 1000 population in China, 3) the proportion of RNs in health technical personnel in China, 4) the doctor-nurse ratio and 5) the number of nurses working in primary medical institutions to evaluate the changing trend of nursing human resources in China from 1978 to 2021.
Interrupted time series analysis showed that after the implementation of the National Nursing Development Plan (2005-2010), the building of nurses in China was gradually strengthening, and the number of RNs in China increased by 0.198 million per year (95%CI 0.174-0.223; P < 0.001); the number of RNs per 1000 population (Coefficient = 0.139; 95%CI 0.123-0.154; P < 0.001); the proportion of RNs in the total number of health professionals in China has increased from 29.6 % to 44.6 % (Coefficient = 0.010; 95%CI 0.009-0.010; P < 0.001); in China, the doctor-nurse ratio increased by 0.024 (95%CI 0.019-0.029; P < 0.001). In 2021, the number of RNs working in primary medical institutions increased by approximately 0.86 million compared with that in 2005, and the proportion of RNs in the country increased by 1.4 %. The development of nurses is especially tilted to the primary level to meet the health and nursing needs of the primary level.
The implementation of the National Nursing Development Plan has greatly expanded the scale of nursing human resources in China and significantly optimized the efficiency of allocation. The implementation of the National Nursing Development Plan (2011-2015) and the National Nursing Development Plan (2016-2020) well continued the strategic plan from 2005 to 2010, further expanded the nursing workforce and further optimized the allocation efficiency.
The implementation of the National Nursing Development Plan has greatly expanded the scale of nursing human resources in China and significantly optimized the efficiency of allocation.
护士短缺和护理人员分布不均一直是全球卫生服务面临的巨大挑战。
本研究旨在评估《全国护理事业发展规划》对中国护理人力资源的影响。
本研究采用间断时间序列设计。研究数据取自1978年至2021年的《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》。2005年7月，卫生部发布了《全国护理事业发展规划（2005—2010年）》。随后，每隔5年发布一次战略规划：《全国护理事业发展规划（2011—2015年）》、《全国护理事业发展规划（2016—2020年）》和《全国护理事业发展规划（2021—2025年）》。本研究使用了五个指标，包括：1）中国注册护士人数；2）中国每千人口注册护士数；3）中国注册护士在卫生技术人员中的占比；4）医护比；5）基层医疗卫生机构护士数，以评估1978年至2021年中国护理人力资源的变化趋势。
间断时间序列分析显示，《全国护理事业发展规划（2005—2010年）》实施后，中国护士队伍建设逐步加强，中国注册护士人数每年增加19.8万（95%CI 17.4-22.3；P<0.001）；每千人口注册护士数（系数=0.139；95%CI 0.123-0.154；P<0.001）；中国注册护士在卫生专业人员总数中的占比从29.6%提高到44.6%（系数=0.010；95%CI 0.009-0.010；P<0.001）；中国医护比提高了0.024（95%CI 0.019-0.029；P<0.001）。2021年，基层医疗卫生机构护士数比2005年增加约86万，全国注册护士占比提高1.4%。护士队伍发展尤其向基层倾斜，以满足基层的健康和护理需求。
《全国护理事业发展规划》的实施极大地扩大了中国护理人力资源规模，显著优化了配置效率。《全国护理事业发展规划（2011—2015年）》和《全国护理事业发展规划（2016—2020年）》很好地延续了2005年至2010年的战略规划，进一步扩大了护理队伍，进一步优化了配置效率。
《全国护理事业发展规划》的实施极大地扩大了中国护理人力资源规模，显著优化了配置效率。
