Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 1;659:561-567. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.395. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
Severe pollution of organohalogen compounds (OHCs) including PBDEs, PCBs and DDTs is demonstrated in e-waste recycling sites and metropolis in South China, but relatively little is known of their impacts on wildlife that inhabits nature reserves in this region, especially those located at the neighborhood areas of e-waste recycling sites. In the present study, PBDEs, PCBs and DDTs as well as liver histological changes were examined in common kingfisher breeding at a nature reserve (Shimentai National Nature Reserve, SNNR) near a notorious e-waste recycling site in South China. Mean ∑PBDEs (84.9 ng/g lipid weight), ∑PCBs (397 ng/g) and ∑TEQs (total toxic equivalent of coplanar PCBs, 2.68 ng/g) concentrations in kingfishers from SNNR were approximately 2-, 5-, and 4-fold higher than those detected in a reference population, respectively; suggesting contamination of the e-waste-derived OHCs in SNNR. Mean ∑DDTs concentration (2150 ng/g) in kingfishers from SNNR was also higher (~2-fold) than that from the reference samples. While ∑DDTs dominated the composition of the OHCs at both sampling sites, ∑PCBs was also important in kingfishers from SNNR, averaging 15% of ∑OHCs. Histological examination of the liver showed steatosis occurred in 60% of the kingfishers from SNNR. Birds with hepatic steatosis had significantly (p = 0.03) higher ∑TEQs than those without steatosis. Similar trends were also found for ∑PCBs and ∑DDTs, although it is not statistically significant. It therefore seems likely that the hepatic steatosis were associated with the relatively high body-burden of OHCs, although the possibility of other factors resulting in hepatic steatosis cannot be ruled out.
在中国南方的电子废物回收场和大都市地区，已证实存在严重的有机卤代化合物（OHCs）污染，包括多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）和滴滴涕（DDTs），但对于栖息在该地区自然保护区的野生动物所受到的影响却知之甚少，尤其是那些位于电子废物回收场附近的自然保护区。在本研究中，检查了位于中国南方一个臭名昭著的电子废物回收场附近的自然保护区（石门台国家级自然保护区，SNNR）繁殖的普通翠鸟体内的 PBDEs、PCBs 和 DDTs 以及肝组织学变化。SNNR 翠鸟体内的∑PBDEs（84.9ng/g 脂重）、∑PCBs（397ng/g）和∑TEQs（共平面 PCB 的总毒性当量，2.68ng/g）浓度分别约为参考人群的 2 倍、5 倍和 4 倍；这表明 SNNR 受到了电子废物衍生的 OHCs 的污染。SNNR 翠鸟体内的∑DDTs 浓度（2150ng/g）也高于参考样本（约 2 倍）。尽管在两个采样点，∑DDTs 都占 OHCs 的主要成分，但 SNNR 翠鸟体内的∑PCBs 也很重要，平均占∑OHCs 的 15%。肝脏组织学检查显示，SNNR 有 60%的翠鸟患有脂肪肝。患有脂肪肝的鸟类体内的∑TEQs 明显（p=0.03）高于没有脂肪肝的鸟类。∑PCBs 和∑DDTs 也存在类似的趋势，尽管这并不具有统计学意义。因此，肝脂肪变性似乎与 OHCs 较高的体内负荷有关，尽管不能排除其他导致肝脂肪变性的因素。
