Fernandez Steven, Lang Jennifer M, Maritato Karl C
From MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets-New Orleans, Metairie, Louisiana (S.F., J.M.L.); and MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets-Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio (K.C.M).
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2019 Jul/Aug;55(4):201-209. doi: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6934. Epub 2019 May 17.
Three hundred seventy small-breed dogs (<15 kg) undergoing splenectomy for the presence of nodular splenic lesions were evaluated in a retrospective study to assess associations with breeds, malignancy, hemoperitoneum, and median survival time compared with previous studies. Data analyzed included signalment, histopathologic diagnosis, presence or absence of hemoperitoneum, breed associations, and survival times. In the current study, 44% (163/370) of dogs had nonneoplastic splenic lesions and 56% (207/370) had neoplastic lesions. Hemangiosarcoma was present in 27% (100/370) of splenic lesions. Hemoperitoneum was present in 31% (115/370) of dogs, and of this population, 66% (76/115) had malignant splenic lesions. The most common breeds were miniature schnauzers, dachshunds, and beagles, with beagles exhibiting a positive association with malignancy. The presence of hemoperitoneum was associated with malignancy. Distribution for nodular splenic lesions, correlation of hemoperitoneum to malignancy, and median survival time were similar to previous reports in large-breed dogs. Small-breed dogs who present with hemoperitoneum are 2.6 times more likely to have a diagnosis of a malignant splenic lesion. The most common small-breed dogs with nodular splenic lesions were miniature schnauzers, dachshunds, and beagles. Beagles and small-breed terriers were more likely to have malignant splenic lesions, and small-breed terriers were more likely to present with hemoperitoneum.
在一项回顾性研究中，对370只因存在脾脏结节性病变而接受脾切除术的小型犬（体重<15千克）进行了评估，以评估与品种、恶性肿瘤、腹腔积血和中位生存时间的相关性，并与之前的研究进行比较。分析的数据包括特征、组织病理学诊断、腹腔积血的有无、品种相关性和生存时间。在本研究中，44%（163/370）的犬患有非肿瘤性脾脏病变，56%（207/370）患有肿瘤性病变。脾脏病变中有27%（100/370）为血管肉瘤。31%（115/370）的犬存在腹腔积血，在这一群体中，66%（76/115）患有恶性脾脏病变。最常见的品种是迷你雪纳瑞、腊肠犬和比格犬，比格犬与恶性肿瘤呈正相关。腹腔积血的存在与恶性肿瘤有关。脾脏结节性病变的分布、腹腔积血与恶性肿瘤的相关性以及中位生存时间与之前大型犬的报道相似。出现腹腔积血的小型犬被诊断为恶性脾脏病变的可能性高2.6倍。患有脾脏结节性病变的最常见小型犬是迷你雪纳瑞、腊肠犬和比格犬。比格犬和小型梗犬更有可能患有恶性脾脏病变，小型梗犬更有可能出现腹腔积血。
