Corbin Erin E, Cavanaugh Ryan P, Schwartz Pamela, Zawadzki Katherine I, Donovan Taryn
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017 May 15;250(10):1148-1154. doi: 10.2460/javma.250.10.1148.
OBJECTIVE To assess causes of splenomegaly and postsurgical outcomes in small-breed (ie, < 16-kg [< 35.2-lb]) dogs that underwent splenectomy and evaluate associations among malignant disease, hemoperitoneum, and survival time in these patients. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 45 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Medical records of 2 veterinary facilities were reviewed to identify small-breed dogs that underwent splenectomy and had a histologic diagnosis recorded. Data analyzed included signalment, diagnosis, presence or absence of hemoperitoneum, and survival time. RESULTS 21 dogs had malignant neoplasia and 24 had benign splenic diseases. Hemangiosarcoma was the most common malignancy (14/21 [67%] dogs) and lymphoid nodular hyperplasia, hematoma, or extramedullary hematopoiesis (alone or in combination) was most commonly diagnosed in dogs with benign disease (17/24 [71%]). Wheaton Terriers were significantly more likely to have malignant splenic disease than were dogs of other breeds. Malignant splenic disease and the presence of hemoperitoneum had significant negative associations with survival time. Malignant disease was not significantly associated with the presence of hemoperitoneum. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Causes for splenomegaly and survival times were similar to those previously reported for populations that primarily included large-breed dogs. There were approximately equal numbers of benign and malignant causes for splenomegaly in this population. Results suggested that Wheaton Terriers with splenomegaly had a higher likelihood of malignant neoplasia than other breeds and that hemoperitoneum may not be a significant predictor of malignancy in small-breed dogs. However, further research including a larger number of dogs is needed to confirm these findings. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017;250:1148-1154).
目的 评估接受脾切除术的小型犬（即体重<16 kg [<35.2 lb]）脾肿大的原因及术后结局，并评估这些病犬恶性疾病、腹腔积血与生存时间之间的关联。 设计 回顾性病例系列研究。 动物 45只客户拥有的犬。 方法 查阅2家兽医机构的病历，以确定接受脾切除术且有组织学诊断记录的小型犬。分析的数据包括特征、诊断、腹腔积血的有无及生存时间。 结果 21只犬患有恶性肿瘤，24只患有良性脾脏疾病。血管肉瘤是最常见的恶性肿瘤（21只犬中有14只[67%]），淋巴小结增生、血肿或髓外造血（单独或合并存在）最常见于患有良性疾病的犬（24只中有17只[71%]）。惠比特犬患脾脏恶性疾病的可能性显著高于其他品种的犬。脾脏恶性疾病和腹腔积血的存在与生存时间呈显著负相关。恶性疾病与腹腔积血的存在无显著关联。 结论及临床意义 脾肿大的原因及生存时间与先前主要包括大型犬的群体报道相似。该群体中脾肿大的良性和恶性原因数量大致相等。结果表明，脾肿大的惠比特犬患恶性肿瘤的可能性高于其他品种，并且腹腔积血可能不是小型犬恶性肿瘤的重要预测指标。然而，需要包括更多犬只的进一步研究来证实这些发现。（《美国兽医医学协会杂志》2017年；250:1148 - 1154）
