Sullivan C A, Konefal S H
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1987 May-Jun;11(3):319-21. doi: 10.1177/0148607187011003319.
Perforation of the heart by central venous catheters is an uncommon but life-threatening complication in the neonatal age group. Prevention requires an open insertion technique, the use of soft Silastic catheters, and the maintenance of the catheter tip above the right atrium. Rapid clinical deterioration with signs of tamponade suggests the diagnosis. Catheter withdrawal, early pericardiocentesis, and pericardiotomy with myocardial repair in selected cases contribute to survival.
中心静脉导管导致的心脏穿孔在新生儿年龄组中是一种罕见但危及生命的并发症。预防需要采用开放插入技术、使用柔软的硅橡胶导管，并将导管尖端保持在右心房上方。伴有心包填塞体征的快速临床恶化提示诊断。在某些情况下，拔出导管、早期心包穿刺以及进行心包切开术并修复心肌有助于提高生存率。
