Gohr Månsson Annegrete, Elmose Mette, Mejldal Anna, Dalsgaard Søren, Roessler Kirsten K
a Department of Psychology , University of Southern Denmark , Odense M , Denmark.
b Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research , University of Southern Denmark , Odense M , Denmark.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2019 May-Jul;73(4-5):233-243. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1612467. Epub 2019 May 20.
Target-shooting sport requires mental effort and concentration. Training may reduce inattentiveness and distractibility. There is little knowledge if children with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) benefit from practicing target-shooting sport. Our study aims to investigate this in a non-randomised controlled open-label study of 128 children, 10-14 years of age, with ADHD-symptoms. The intervention-group ( = 64) practiced target-shooting in local shooting associations once a week for 6 months. The control group ( = 64) received treatment as usual. Primary outcome: teacher-rated ADHD-RS-IV-total score. Secondary outcomes: (a) parent-rated ADHD-RS-IV-total score; (b) teacher- and parent-rated Strengths-and-Difficulties-Questionnaire (SDQ); (c) self-rated quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27-total score); and (d) four objective measurements of ADHD-symptoms using the QbTest. The data were collected at baseline and after 6 months. When estimating the marginal effect of the intervention on our primary outcome, the teacher-rated ADHD-RS-IV, we found no significant effect (mean change between groups (contrast)=2.23; = 0.193). However, we did find significant beneficial effects on four of the eight secondary outcomes, including the parent-rated ADHD-RS-IV-total score (contrast = 4.76; = 0.024), the parent-rated SDQ-total score (contrast = 2.09; = 0.027), and on the QbTest measurements of the Reaction Time Variation (RTVar) (contrast = 36.96; = 0.013), and of Omission Errors (contrast = 7.57; = 0.019). Despite the negative result on the primary outcome, the robust findings on these secondary outcomes in this open-label study indicate proof of concept that practicing target-shooting sport may have some beneficial effects on the severity of ADHD-symptoms in children. No adverse events were reported. Randomised trials of this non-pharmacological intervention are needed.
射击运动需要脑力和专注力。训练可能会减少注意力不集中和易分心的情况。对于患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的儿童，通过练习射击运动是否有益，目前知之甚少。我们的研究旨在通过一项针对128名10至14岁有ADHD症状儿童的非随机对照开放标签研究来对此进行调查。干预组（n = 64）每周在当地射击协会练习射击一次，为期6个月。对照组（n = 64）接受常规治疗。主要结局指标：教师评定的ADHD-RS-IV总分。次要结局指标：（a）家长评定的ADHD-RS-IV总分；（b）教师和家长评定的长处与困难问卷（SDQ）；（c）自我评定的生活质量（儿童生活质量量表27项总分）；以及（d）使用QbTest对ADHD症状进行的四项客观测量。在基线和6个月后收集数据。在评估干预对我们的主要结局指标——教师评定的ADHD-RS-IV的边际效应时，我们未发现显著效果（组间平均变化（对比）= 2.23；P = 0.193）。然而，我们确实在八项次要结局指标中的四项上发现了显著的有益效果，包括家长评定的ADHD-RS-IV总分（对比 = 4.76；P = 0.024）、家长评定的SDQ总分（对比 = 2.09；P = 0.027），以及在QbTest测量中的反应时间变异性（RTVar）（对比 = 36.96；P = 0.013）和遗漏错误（对比 = 7.57；P = 0.019）。尽管主要结局指标结果为阴性，但在这项开放标签研究中这些次要结局指标的有力发现表明了一个概念验证，即练习射击运动可能对儿童ADHD症状的严重程度有一些有益影响。未报告不良事件。需要对这种非药物干预进行随机试验。
