Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany.
Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
Schizophr Res. 2019 Jul;209:32-39. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.05.012. Epub 2019 May 17.
Subclinical psychotic experiences (PLEs) are among the frequently reported mental health problems in children/adolescents. PLEs identified in cross sectional studies of children/adolescents are associated with current and future mental health problems. These associations are stronger for PLEs that persist over time. Hence, it could be useful to examine which children/adolescents with PLEs at a first assessment (baseline) are more likely to have PLEs at subsequent assessments.
We conducted a scoping review of studies that examined whether characteristics of children/adolescents (≤18 years) with PLEs at baseline predict whether PLEs are likely to be persistent or remittent at subsequent assessments. We included studies published between January 2002 and December 2017, conducted on general child/adolescent populations of ≥300 individuals, that provided data on PLEs for at least 2 time points, had available follow-up data for ≥50% of those assessed for PLEs at baseline and targeted for follow-up examination, and reported the differences between individuals with PLEs that persisted or remitted during the study period.
Six studies met our criteria. Each of them investigated a wide range of baseline characteristics but no predictor of persistence was replicated.
Our knowledge about which children/adolescents with PLEs at an initial assessment are likely to have persistent PLEs at subsequent assessments is sparse. A handful of predictors of persistent PLEs have been investigated so far, and none replicated. A better understanding of these predictors would be an important complement to investigations examining the evolution of PLEs and of mental health problems in children/adolescents.
亚临床精神病体验（PLEs）是儿童/青少年中经常报告的心理健康问题之一。在对儿童/青少年进行的横断面研究中发现的 PLEs 与当前和未来的心理健康问题有关。对于随着时间的推移而持续存在的 PLEs，这些关联更为强烈。因此，检查哪些在首次评估（基线）时出现 PLEs 的儿童/青少年更有可能在随后的评估中出现 PLEs，可能会很有用。
我们对研究进行了范围综述，这些研究考察了基线时出现 PLEs 的儿童/青少年（≤18 岁）的特征是否可以预测 PLEs 在随后的评估中是否更有可能持续或缓解。我们纳入了 2002 年 1 月至 2017 年 12 月期间发表的研究，这些研究针对的是≥300 名个体的普通儿童/青少年人群，至少提供了两次 PLEs 数据，对≥50%的基线评估出 PLEs 的个体进行了随访，并针对随访检查提供了数据，报告了在研究期间持续或缓解的 PLEs 个体之间的差异。
有六项研究符合我们的标准。每一项研究都调查了广泛的基线特征，但没有一个预测因素在研究中得到复制。
我们对哪些在初次评估时出现 PLEs 的儿童/青少年在随后的评估中更有可能出现持续 PLEs 的了解甚少。到目前为止，已经研究了一些持续 PLEs 的预测因素，但没有一个得到复制。更好地了解这些预测因素将是对研究 PLEs 和儿童/青少年心理健康问题演变的重要补充。
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