Lai Jingning, Xing Yi, Chen Nan, Li Li, Wu Feng, Chen Renjie
Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Feb 17;59(8):2974-2997. doi: 10.1002/anie.201903459. Epub 2019 Dec 2.
Lithium-air batteries are promising devices for electrochemical energy storage because of their ultrahigh energy density. However, it is still challenging to achieve practical Li-air batteries because of their severe capacity fading and poor rate capability. Electrolytes are the prime suspects for cell failure. In this Review, we focus on the opportunities and challenges of electrolytes for rechargeable Li-air batteries. A detailed summary of the reaction mechanisms, internal compositions, instability factors, selection criteria, and design ideas of the considered electrolytes is provided to obtain appropriate strategies to meet the battery requirements. In particular, ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes and solid-state electrolytes show exciting opportunities to control both the high energy density and safety.
锂空气电池因其超高的能量密度而成为电化学储能领域颇具前景的装置。然而，由于其严重的容量衰减和较差的倍率性能，实现实用化的锂空气电池仍具有挑战性。电解质是电池失效的主要嫌疑对象。在本综述中，我们聚焦于可充电锂空气电池电解质所面临的机遇与挑战。提供了所考虑电解质的反应机理、内部组成、不稳定因素、选择标准和设计思路的详细总结，以获得满足电池要求的合适策略。特别是，离子液体（IL）电解质和固态电解质在兼顾高能量密度和安全性方面展现出令人兴奋的机遇。
