Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Am J Cardiol. 2019 Jul 15;124(2):270-277. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.04.026. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
Variable propensity toward cardiovascular disease in the different ethnicities in the United States has been reported. We aimed to characterize the prevalence trends of cardiovascular health, as defined by the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 metrics, and cardiovascular diseases amongst Asian-Americans. We used the National Health and Examination Nutrition Survey from 2011 to 2016 to capture self-identified American-born Asian-Americans and foreign-born Asian-Americans. The prevalence trends of cardiovascular health metrics and diseases were evaluated in Asian-Americans and also compared between American-born and foreign-born Asian-Americans. Results were presented as weighted percentages and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. From 2011-2012 to 2015-2016, the prevalence of Asian-Americans reporting no physical activity increased from 21.5% to 32.4% (p for linear trend = 0.001) and the prevalence of Asian-American participants reporting a healthy diet decreased from 44.1% to 36.8% (p for quadratic trend = 0.02). There was a concomitant decline in the prevalence of Asian-Americans with normal weight (body mass index <25 kg/m) from 60.5% from 2011-2012 to 55.3% in 2015-2016 (p for linear trend = 0.04). The prevalence of congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease increased from 2011-2012 to 2015-2016. Foreign-born Asian-Americans had lower odds of having a nonhealthy diet and blood pressure compared with American-born Asians. In conclusion, in the National Health and Examination Nutrition Survey 2011 to 2016 cycles, Asian-Americans exhibited a declining prevalence of healthy weight and an increasing prevalence of poor diet, physical activity levels, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Foreign-born Asian-Americans also exhibited a different cardiometabolic risk profile compared with American-born Asian-Americans.
美国不同族裔人群心血管疾病的易发性存在差异。本研究旨在分析美国心脏协会“生命简单 7 要素”定义的心血管健康流行趋势，并确定亚裔美国人中心血管疾病的流行情况。我们采用 2011 至 2016 年全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，以确定自我报告的美国出生亚裔美国人和外国出生亚裔美国人。评估了亚裔美国人的心血管健康指标和疾病的流行趋势，并比较了美国出生和外国出生亚裔美国人之间的差异。结果以加权百分比和 95%置信区间表示。从 2011-2012 年到 2015-2016 年，报告无体力活动的亚裔美国人比例从 21.5%增加到 32.4%（线性趋势 p 值=0.001），报告健康饮食的亚裔美国人比例从 44.1%下降到 36.8%（二次趋势 p 值=0.02）。同时，体重正常（体重指数<25kg/m）的亚裔美国人比例从 2011-2012 年的 60.5%下降到 2015-2016 年的 55.3%（线性趋势 p 值=0.04）。充血性心力衰竭和慢性肾脏病的患病率从 2011-2012 年到 2015-2016 年增加。与美国出生的亚裔美国人相比，外国出生的亚裔美国人饮食不健康和血压异常的可能性较低。总之，在 2011 至 2016 年 NHANES 周期中，亚裔美国人健康体重的流行率下降，不良饮食、体力活动水平、充血性心力衰竭和慢性肾脏病的流行率上升。与美国出生的亚裔美国人相比，外国出生的亚裔美国人也表现出不同的心血管代谢风险特征。
