Patterson Freda, Zhang Guo, Davey Adam, Tan Yin, Ma Grace X
College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Community Health. 2016 Dec;41(6):1282-1289. doi: 10.1007/s10900-016-0217-3.
The American Heart Association's ideal cardiovascular health score is based on 7 cardiovascular health metrics to measure progress toward their Impact Goal of reducing cardiovascular disease by 20 % before 2020. This study applied this construct to assess cardiovascular health in a sample of Asian Americans. Convenience sampling methods were used to enroll self-identified Asian American's over the age of 18 years who were attending community health fairs across the greater Philadelphia and urban areas of New Jersey. The heart health metrics of tobacco use, body mass index, physical activity, diet, blood pressure, and glucose were measured. In the greater sample (N = 541), 82 % were female, the mean age was 65.1 (SD = 15.5) years, 45 % were Vietnamese, 38 % were Chinese and 17 % were Korean. Prevalence of ideal heart health for the metrics of tobacco use (95 %) was high. Only 19.4 % achieved ideal levels of physical activity, 35.1 % for BMI, 28.9 % for glucose and 66 % for blood pressure. Dietary intake was ideal for 20.7 % of the sample. More years since migration and Korean race trended toward having a higher prevalence of poor health in some metrics. Most Asian Americans are not achieving ideal cardiovascular health for several of the metrics evaluated, with those residing in the United States for more than 13 years and Korean Americans being higher-risk groups. Targeted community based intervention approaches to improving and monitoring heart health in Asian American, and Asian American subgroups, are needed.
美国心脏协会的理想心血管健康评分基于7项心血管健康指标，以衡量在2020年前将心血管疾病减少20%这一影响目标上取得的进展。本研究应用这一结构来评估亚裔美国人样本中的心血管健康状况。采用便利抽样方法，招募了年龄在18岁以上、自我认定为亚裔美国人且参加大费城地区和新泽西城市地区社区健康博览会的人群。测量了烟草使用、体重指数、身体活动、饮食、血压和血糖等心脏健康指标。在更大的样本（N = 541）中，82%为女性，平均年龄为65.1岁（标准差 = 15.5），45%为越南人，38%为中国人，17%为韩国人。烟草使用指标的理想心脏健康患病率（95%）较高。只有19.4%的人达到了理想的身体活动水平，体重指数方面为35.1%，血糖方面为28.9%，血压方面为66%。20.7%的样本饮食摄入理想。在某些指标上，移民时间越长以及韩国裔人群健康状况不佳的患病率往往越高。在评估的多项指标中，大多数亚裔美国人未达到理想的心血管健康水平，其中在美国居住超过13年的人和韩裔美国人是高风险群体。需要有针对性地采取基于社区的干预措施，以改善和监测亚裔美国人及其亚群体的心脏健康。
