Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2019 Jul-Aug;47:e65-e74. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.05.004. Epub 2019 May 23.
To develop and validate a new questionnaire assessing feeding styles in toddlers, the Toddler Feeding Style Questionnaire (TFSQ).
An instrumental design was used in this study. A convenience sample of 546 Spanish mothers of a toddler (12-24 months-old) completed the TFSQ and a web-based survey to obtain data on feeding styles, sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, weaning and attachment style. Items were developed and classified into two content domains: responsiveness and demandingness. For the construct validity analysis, the sample was randomly divided into two halves used to the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Validation hypotheses about the differences in the TFSQ scores were suggested.
The factorial analysis revealed a responsiveness scale and a demandingness scale. The McDonald's Omega and Cronbach's alpha values coincided in both scales, being 0.84 and 0.75, respectively. A high responsiveness and demandingness feeding styles degree of agreement showed a statistically significant association with the correspondent scale (p < .01). The 33.3% of children who are overweight or obese have mothers who classify themselves as neglectful. Both scales were related to the mothers' attachment styles, toddler's age and the time of weaning at 6 and 12 months.
The TFSQ provides a valid and reliable Responsiveness and Demandingness scale to evaluate feeding styles in toddlers.
Parental feeding styles influence future eating behavior and children's weight. There is a lack of validated instruments used to evaluate feeding styles in toddlerhood based on the two theoretical dimensions of responsiveness and demandingness.
开发和验证一种新的评估幼儿喂养方式的问卷，即幼儿喂养方式问卷（TFSQ）。
本研究采用仪器设计。546 名西班牙幼儿（12-24 个月）的母亲使用便利样本完成了 TFSQ 和基于网络的调查，以获得喂养方式、社会人口学和人体测量特征、断奶和依恋风格的数据。项目是根据两个内容领域开发和分类的：响应性和要求性。为了进行结构有效性分析，样本被随机分为两半，分别用于探索性和验证性因素分析。提出了关于 TFSQ 分数差异的验证假设。
因子分析显示出响应性和要求性两个量表。麦克唐纳的 Omega 和克朗巴赫的 alpha 值在两个量表中都一致，分别为 0.84 和 0.75。高响应性和要求性喂养方式的程度与相应量表呈统计学显著相关（p<0.01）。33.3%超重或肥胖的儿童的母亲自认为是疏忽的。这两个量表都与母亲的依恋风格、幼儿的年龄以及 6 个月和 12 个月时的断奶时间有关。
TFSQ 提供了一个有效和可靠的响应性和要求性量表，用于评估幼儿的喂养方式。
父母的喂养方式会影响孩子未来的饮食行为和体重。目前缺乏基于响应性和要求性这两个理论维度评估幼儿喂养方式的经过验证的工具。
