Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.
J Dermatol Sci. 2019 Jun;94(3):314-320. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 May 21.
Dietary lipids are fundamental nutrients for human health. They are typically composed of various long-chain fatty acids which include saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). UFAs are further classified into several groups, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and omega-6 PUFAs, depending on their chemical structure. Epidemiological studies have suggested the involvement of dietary lipids in the progression or regulation of psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory skin disease induced via the IL-23/IL-17 axis. Although the underlying mechanisms by which dietary lipids regulate psoriasis have remained unclear, with the advancement of experimental techniques and the development of psoriasis mouse models, various possible mechanisms have been proposed. For example, SFAs may facilitate psoriatic dermatitis by causing activation of the inflammasome in keratinocytes and macrophages or by inducing IL-17-producing cells, such as Th17 and IL-17-producing γδ T cells in the skin, while omega-3 PUFAs may play inhibitory roles by suppressing Th17 differentiation. In this review, we summarize current data on the roles of dietary lipids in the development of psoriasis as revealed by mouse studies, and we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for psoriasis from the perspective of dietary lipids.
膳食脂质是人类健康的基本营养素。它们通常由各种长链脂肪酸组成，包括饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）和不饱和脂肪酸（UFAs）。根据其化学结构，UFAs 进一步分为几个亚类，如 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）和 ω-6 PUFAs。流行病学研究表明，膳食脂质参与了银屑病的进展或调节，银屑病是一种通过 IL-23/IL-17 轴诱导的常见慢性炎症性皮肤病。尽管膳食脂质调节银屑病的潜在机制仍不清楚，但随着实验技术的进步和银屑病小鼠模型的发展，已经提出了各种可能的机制。例如，SFAs 可能通过在角质形成细胞和巨噬细胞中激活炎症小体或诱导产生 IL-17 的细胞，如 Th17 和产生 IL-17 的 γδ T 细胞，从而促进银屑病性皮炎，而 ω-3 PUFAs 可能通过抑制 Th17 分化发挥抑制作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前通过小鼠研究揭示的膳食脂质在银屑病发展中的作用的相关数据，并从膳食脂质的角度讨论了银屑病的潜在治疗策略。
