Bernstein Hans C
The Arctic Centre for Sustainable Energy, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
mSystems. 2019 May 28;4(3):e00106-19. doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00106-19.
Simplified microbial communities, or "benchtop microbiomes," enable us to manage the profound complexity of microbial ecosystems. Widespread activities aiming to design and control communities result in novel resources for testing ecological theories and also for realizing new biotechnologies. There is much to be gained by reconciling engineering design principles with ecological processes that shape microbiomes in nature. In this short Perspective, I will address how natural processes such as environmental filtering, the establishment of priority effects, and community "blending" (coalescence) can be harnessed for engineering microbiomes from complex starting materials. I will also discuss how future microbiome architects may draw inspiration from modern practices in synthetic biology. This topic is based on an important overarching research goal, which is to understand how natural forces shape microbial communities and interspecies interactions such that new engineering design principles can be extracted to promote human health or energy and environmental sustainability.
简化的微生物群落，即“桌面微生物组”，使我们能够应对微生物生态系统的极度复杂性。旨在设计和控制群落的广泛活动为检验生态理论以及实现新生物技术带来了新资源。将工程设计原则与塑造自然界微生物组的生态过程相结合可带来诸多益处。在这篇简短的观点文章中，我将探讨如何利用环境过滤、优先效应的建立以及群落“融合”（合并）等自然过程，从复杂的起始材料构建工程微生物组。我还将讨论未来的微生物组构建者如何从合成生物学的现代实践中获取灵感。这个主题基于一个重要的总体研究目标，即了解自然力量如何塑造微生物群落和种间相互作用，以便能够提取新的工程设计原则来促进人类健康或实现能源与环境的可持续性。
