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自闭症特质成年人共情疼痛的自上而下效应。

Top-down Effects on Empathy for Pain in Adults with Autistic Traits.

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.

School of Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2019 May 29;9(1):8022. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44400-2.

Abstract

While empathic responses of individuals with autism-spectrum disorder have been reported to be modulated by top-down attention, it remains unclear whether empathy for pain in typically developing individuals with autistic traits also involves such top-down modulation mechanisms. This study employed the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) to quantify autistic traits in a group of 1,231 healthy adults. Two subset groups (High-AQ and Low-AQ groups) were randomly selected from the highest and lowest 10% AQ scores respectively. We explored whether participants in both groups would differ in their response to others' pain when their attention was directed toward (A-P tasks) or away (A-N tasks) from pain cues in auditory and visual experimental modalities. Compared to Low-AQ individuals, High-AQ individuals exhibited more suppressed N1 and P2 amplitudes in response to painful vocal cues in auditory A-N tasks. This suggests suppressed attentional and emotional processes of empathy for pain when High-AQ individuals have their attention directed away from others' pain cues. No significant difference was found between both groups in the auditory A-P task, nor in the visual A-P and A-N tasks. These results suggest that top-down attention modulation of cortical empathic responses to others' vocal pain is influenced by autistic traits.

摘要

虽然已经报道自闭症谱系障碍个体的共情反应受到自上而下注意力的调节,但在具有自闭症特征的典型发育个体中,同理心是否也涉及这种自上而下的调节机制仍不清楚。本研究使用自闭症谱系商数(AQ)来量化一组 1231 名健康成年人的自闭症特征。从最高和最低的 10% AQ 得分中分别随机选择两个子集组(高 AQ 组和低 AQ 组)。我们探讨了当参与者的注意力指向(A-P 任务)或远离(A-N 任务)听觉和视觉实验模态中的疼痛线索时,两组参与者对他人疼痛的反应是否会有所不同。与低 AQ 个体相比,高 AQ 个体在听觉 A-N 任务中对痛苦的声音线索表现出更大的 N1 和 P2 振幅抑制。这表明当高 AQ 个体的注意力远离他人的疼痛线索时,对疼痛的共情注意力和情绪过程受到抑制。在听觉 A-P 任务、视觉 A-P 和 A-N 任务中,两组之间均未发现显著差异。这些结果表明,对他人声音疼痛的皮层共情反应的自上而下注意力调节受到自闭症特征的影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5069/6541648/4d411fc9dc57/41598_2019_44400_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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