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公众对专家的态度如何?对英国和欧盟的调查数据进行回顾。

What do we know about public attitudes towards experts? Reviewing survey data in the United Kingdom and European Union.

机构信息

The University of Sheffield, UK.

出版信息

Public Underst Sci. 2019 Aug;28(6):669-678. doi: 10.1177/0963662519852038. Epub 2019 May 31.

Abstract

Recent developments in contemporary politics have cast doubt on the status of expertise and led to the oft-repeated claim that the public have had enough of experts. In response, we review existing survey measures on experts and expertise in the European Union and United Kingdom with three main findings. First, there is insufficient survey data available to strongly support any claims regarding public attitudes to experts. Second, the evidence that does exist suggests broadly positive public attitudes towards experts, rather than the somewhat bleak commentary associated with descriptions of a 'post-truth' era. Third, there is scope for survey questions to provide improved macro-level descriptions of some of the attributes and expectations associated with experts, and that concepts from the academic literature can provide structure for such questions. Survey data has the potential to complement more granular, qualitative approaches as part of an interpretive social science approach.

摘要

当代政治的最新发展对专业知识的地位提出了质疑,并导致人们反复声称公众已经受够了专家。有鉴于此,我们对欧盟和英国现有的关于专家和专业知识的调查措施进行了审查,得出了三个主要发现。首先,没有足够的调查数据来有力支持任何关于公众对专家的态度的说法。其次,现有的证据表明,公众对专家的态度大致上是积极的,而不是与描述“后真相”时代相关的那种有些黯淡的评论。第三,调查问题有可能为一些与专家相关的属性和期望提供更宏观的描述,并为这些问题提供学术文献中的概念结构。调查数据有可能作为解释性社会科学方法的一部分,补充更细致的定性方法。

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