Flanigan Megan, Wyatt Gwen, Lehto Rebecca
Michigan State University, College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan.
Michigan State University, College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan.
Pain Manag Nurs. 2019 Oct;20(5):432-443. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2019.04.002. Epub 2019 May 28.
The aim of the present review was to characterize how pain and spirituality have been conceptualized, assessed, and addressed and how these concepts may be related among women with advanced breast cancer.
A scoping review was conducted including publications of various methodologies.
Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, OpenGrey, OAIster, and a large university library database (published 2006-2018).
REVIEW/ANALYSIS METHODS: Research questions and criteria were formulated at the outset, followed by identification of publications, charting data, and collating results.
Forty-two publications met the inclusion criteria. Most (n = 33) focused exclusively on pain, five pain and spirituality, and four exclusively spirituality. Conceptual definitions were not explicitly provided but were implied. Most assessments used the 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale (pain) and qualitative methods (spirituality). Pain management primarily focused on radiotherapy and pharmaceuticals, and two publications identified spiritual interventions. No publications directly examined the impact of spirituality on pain. Findings of qualitative studies including both concepts suggest the potential value of spirituality as a mechanism to cope with pain.
This review identified significant unmanaged pain in women with advanced breast cancer. Women identified dimensions of spirituality as important for coping with their disease. A gap in understanding spirituality and its potential influence on pain in this population was identified.
本综述旨在描述晚期乳腺癌女性对疼痛和灵性的概念化、评估及应对方式，以及这些概念之间可能存在的关联。
进行一项范围综述，纳入各种方法学的出版物。
在PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Cochrane图书馆、OpenGrey、OAIster以及一个大型大学图书馆数据库中进行检索（发表时间为2006 - 2018年）。
综述/分析方法：在研究开始时制定研究问题和标准，随后进行出版物识别、数据图表绘制及结果整理。
42篇出版物符合纳入标准。大多数（n = 33）仅关注疼痛，5篇关注疼痛与灵性，4篇仅关注灵性。未明确给出概念定义，但有所暗示。大多数评估使用0 - 10数字评分量表（疼痛）和定性方法（灵性）。疼痛管理主要集中在放疗和药物治疗，有两篇出版物提及了灵性干预。没有出版物直接研究灵性对疼痛的影响。包括这两个概念的定性研究结果表明，灵性作为应对疼痛的一种机制具有潜在价值。
本综述发现晚期乳腺癌女性存在严重的疼痛未得到有效管理的情况。女性认为灵性维度对于应对疾病很重要。研究发现，在理解灵性及其对该人群疼痛的潜在影响方面存在差距。
