Department of Genetics, University Center of Cerrado Patrocínio, Avenida Líria Terezinha Lassi Capuano, 466, 38747-792, Patrocínio, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, 38900-402, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;70:103196. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103196. Epub 2019 May 23.
Antiparasitic substances are chemicals used to control or kill endoparasites and ectoparasites. Based on the premise that Ivermectin (IVM) and Amoxicillin (AMX) are commonly considered in parasitic control in mammals, the present study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic and genotoxic potential of different concentrations of IVM and AMX through the detection of epithelial tumor test in Drosophila melanogaster. Third-instar larvae descending from the cross between wts/TM3, Sb females and mwh/mwh males were treated with different concentrations of IVM (2.9, 5.8, 11.6 and 23.2 x 10 mM) or AMX (1.37, 2.74, 5.48 and 10.9 x 10mM). The results revealed that IVM increased the frequency of epithelial tumor in D. melanogaster considering all evaluated concentrations, while AMX showed no carcinogenic effect. Furthermore, the Micronucleus (MN) test in Tradescantia pallida was used to evaluate the genotoxic effect of IVM and AMX. T. pallida individuals were exposed for 8 hours at different concentrations of IVM (5.71, 11.42, 22.84 and 45.68 x 10mM) or AMX (5.13, 10.26, 20.52 and 41.05 x 10mM). Findings showed an increase in the frequency of micronuclei in T. pallida treated with 11.42, 22.84 and 45.68 x 10mM of IVM. We conclude that chronic exposure to IVM is directly associated with events resulting from genetic instability (genotoxicity and carcinogenicity). On the other hand, AMX was neither carcinogenic nor genotoxic for D. melanogaster and T. pallida.
抗寄生虫物质是用于控制或杀死内寄生虫和外寄生虫的化学物质。基于伊维菌素（IVM）和阿莫西林（AMX）通常被认为是哺乳动物寄生虫控制的前提，本研究旨在通过检测黑腹果蝇的上皮肿瘤试验来评估不同浓度的 IVM 和 AMX 的致癌和遗传毒性潜力。来自 wts/TM3、Sb 雌性和 mwh/mwh 雄性杂交的三龄幼虫用不同浓度的 IVM（2.9、5.8、11.6 和 23.2 x 10mM）或 AMX（1.37、2.74、5.48 和 10.9 x 10mM）处理。结果表明，IVM 增加了黑腹果蝇上皮肿瘤的频率，考虑到所有评估的浓度，而 AMX 没有致癌作用。此外，还使用白花丹的微核（MN）试验评估了 IVM 和 AMX 的遗传毒性作用。将 T. pallida 个体在不同浓度的 IVM（5.71、11.42、22.84 和 45.68 x 10mM）或 AMX（5.13、10.26、20.52 和 41.05 x 10mM）下暴露 8 小时。结果表明，用 11.42、22.84 和 45.68 x 10mM 的 IVM 处理的 T. pallida 中微核的频率增加。我们得出结论，慢性暴露于 IVM 与遗传不稳定性（遗传毒性和致癌性）导致的事件直接相关。另一方面，AMX 对 D. melanogaster 和 T. pallida 既没有致癌性也没有遗传毒性。
