Carvalho D, Aguiar P, Ferrinho P, Mendes-Bastos P, Palma-Carlos A
Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública, Universidad Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública, Universidad Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed). 2019 Nov;110(9):744-751. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 May 29.
Eczema and urticaria are both inflammatory skin diseases. The prevalence of both diseases varies worldwide and the reasons are unknown. We aimed to investigate the eczema and urticaria prevalence in the Portuguese adult (≥16 years-old) population.
A telephone interview survey was performed in the last quarter of 2017. To calculate the prevalences, subjects should have been previously diagnosed with eczema/urticaria by a health professional, be aged ≥16 years-old, and reside in Portugal. The sample had a proportion that was approximately representative by population, region, gender, and age group. Odds ratios were performed to measure associations with prevalences. SPSS statistics and values of p<0.05 with 95% confidence intervals were considered statistically significant.
5,000 phone calls were analysed. The prevalence of eczema and urticaria in Portugal is 4.4% and 3.4%, respectively. Algarve is the region with the highest prevalence for both diseases. Being a female is the factor that most influenced these diseases with an OR=1.99 (p<0.001; CI 1.49-2.66) for eczema and 1.73 (p=0.001; CI 1.25 - 2.40) for urticaria, with also higher prevalences (5.7% and 4.2%, respectively).
The prevalences found are higher than in previous studies in Portugal and comparable to results from other countries. Comparisons among prevalence of eczema are affected by several obstacles. Regarding urticaria, our results seem to be in the same line as others. Being female with eczema and urticaria is more common and represents a higher risk factor than male subjects. According to Harrop et al., 2007, in Europe, atopic eczema is 0.14-0.60% of general eczema. In this way, we can estimate that prevalence of atopic eczema in Portugal is around 0.61-2.64%.
湿疹和荨麻疹均为炎症性皮肤病。这两种疾病在全球的患病率各不相同，原因尚不明晰。我们旨在调查葡萄牙成年（≥16岁）人群中湿疹和荨麻疹的患病率。
2017年最后一个季度进行了电话访谈调查。为计算患病率，受试者需此前已由健康专业人员诊断患有湿疹/荨麻疹，年龄≥16岁，且居住在葡萄牙。样本在人口、地区、性别和年龄组方面具有大致代表性。采用比值比来衡量与患病率的关联。使用SPSS统计软件，p<0.05且95%置信区间被认为具有统计学意义。
分析了5000个电话访谈。葡萄牙湿疹和荨麻疹的患病率分别为4.4%和3.4%。阿尔加维是这两种疾病患病率最高的地区。女性是对这些疾病影响最大的因素，湿疹的比值比为1.99（p<0.001；置信区间1.49 - 2.66），荨麻疹的比值比为1.73（p = 0.001；置信区间1.25 - 2.40），女性患病率也更高（分别为5.7%和4.2%）。
所发现的患病率高于葡萄牙此前的研究，与其他国家的结果相当。湿疹患病率的比较受到若干障碍的影响。关于荨麻疹，我们的结果似乎与其他研究一致。女性患湿疹和荨麻疹更为常见，且比男性受试者代表更高的风险因素。根据哈罗普等人2007年的研究，在欧洲，特应性湿疹占普通湿疹的0.14 - 0.60%。据此，我们可以估计葡萄牙特应性湿疹的患病率约为0.61 - 2.64%。
