Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, 2100, Gödöllő, Páter K. U. 1., Hungary.
Theriogenology. 2019 Jul 15;133:210-215. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.03.033.
The eels are teleost fishes from the order Anguilliformes that includes several species with high commercial value. Due to the high interest for aquaculture production of some eel species and for the need to restore eel species that are endangered, several research groups have directed their research toward developing protocols to cryopreserve the spermatozoa of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla). In this review, we provide an overview on the different protocols that have been developed so far. The first developed protocols used DMSO as cryoprotectant in both species with good success, obtaining sperm motilities of over 45% in Japanese eel and over 35% in European eel. Moreover, sperm cryopreserved using DMSO was successfully used in fertilization trials, although with low fertilization rates. However, recent studies show that DMSO produce epigenetic changes in eel sperm and therefore, the last developed protocols used methanol as cryoprotectant instead. Cryopreservation protocols using methanol as cryoprotectant, showed improved motility values in both Japanese and European eel. In addition, the latest protocols have been adapted to cryopreserve larger volumes of sperm of up to 5 mL, which is useful for larger scale fertilization trials. The present study introduces the state of the art and future perspectives of the eel sperm cryopreservation to be applied in aquaculture and biological conservation programs.
鳗鱼是硬骨鱼纲鳗鲡目下的鱼类，包括多个具有高商业价值的物种。由于对某些鳗鱼物种的水产养殖生产的高度关注以及对濒危鳗鱼物种恢复的需求，几个研究小组已经将他们的研究方向转向开发冷冻保存日本鳗（Anguilla japonica）和欧洲鳗（Anguilla anguilla）精子的方案。在这篇综述中，我们概述了迄今为止开发的不同方案。最初开发的方案在这两个物种中都使用 DMSO 作为冷冻保护剂，取得了很好的效果，使日本鳗的精子活力超过 45%，欧洲鳗的精子活力超过 35%。此外，使用 DMSO 冷冻保存的精子成功地用于受精试验，尽管受精率较低。然而，最近的研究表明，DMSO 会在鳗鱼精子中产生表观遗传变化，因此，最新开发的方案使用甲醇作为冷冻保护剂。使用甲醇作为冷冻保护剂的冷冻保存方案，在日本鳗和欧洲鳗中均显示出更高的活力值。此外，最新的方案已经适应了冷冻保存多达 5 毫升的更大体积的精子，这对于更大规模的受精试验非常有用。本研究介绍了鳗鱼精子冷冻保存在水产养殖和生物保护计划中的最新技术和未来展望。
