University of Bern.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2019 Jun 1;41(3):137-145. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0091. Epub 2019 Jun 2.
Research on martial arts has suggested that gaze anchoring is functional for optimizing the use of peripheral visual information. The current study predicted that the height of gaze anchoring on the opponent's body would depend on the potential attacking locations that need to be monitored. To test this prediction, the authors compared high-level athletes in kung fu (Qwan Ki Do), who attack with their arms and legs, with Tae Kwon Do fighters, who attack mostly with their legs. As predicted, the results show that Qwan Ki Do athletes anchor their gaze higher than Tae Kwon Do athletes do before and even during the first attack. In addition, gaze anchoring seems to depend on 3 factors: the particulars of the evolving situation, crucial cues, and specific visual costs (especially suppressed information pickup during saccades). These 3 factors should be considered in future studies on gaze behavior in sports to find the most functional, that is, cost-benefit-optimized, gaze pattern.
武术研究表明，注视锚定对于优化利用周边视觉信息是有效的。本研究预测，注视锚定在对手身体上的高度将取决于需要监测的潜在攻击位置。为了验证这一预测，作者比较了擅长用手脚进行攻击的功夫（权奇道）高级运动员和主要用腿进行攻击的跆拳道运动员。正如预测的那样，结果表明，权奇道运动员在第一次攻击之前甚至在第一次攻击中，他们的目光比跆拳道运动员高。此外，注视锚定似乎取决于 3 个因素：不断变化的情况的细节、关键线索和特定的视觉成本（特别是在扫视过程中抑制信息采集）。在未来的运动注视行为研究中，应考虑这 3 个因素，以找到最具功能性的、即成本效益优化的注视模式。
