Heffernan Thomas, Samuels Abby, Hamilton Colin, McGrath-Brookes Michael
Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychiatry. 2019 May 17;10:282. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00282. eCollection 2019.
The alcohol hangover (AH) is a state of general malaise following an evening of heavy episodic drinking when the blood alcohol concentration of the person reaches/approaches zero. The aim of the current study was to investigate what impact the AH has upon both executive function (EF) and prospective memory (PM). Previous research has shown that the AH has a detrimental effect upon cognitive abilities, including attention, working memory, and PM. The current study focused upon what impact AH might have upon both EF and related PM in the same cohort, both of which underpin everyday remembering. The current study compared an AH group (AHG) with a non-hangover group (NHG) on both EF and PM measures. Forty-one participants aged 18-29 years were tested; 19 comprised the AHG and 22 of whom made up the NHG (individuals who reported no heavy drinking the day before and did not report any significant hangover symptoms). A Verbal Fluency task measured EF and the Prospective Remembering Video Procedure measured PM. The Acute Hangover Rating Scale measured AH symptoms and severity, and a Digital Breath Analyzer Test measured their blood alcohol concentration (BAC). A Recreational Drug Use Questionnaire measured alcohol and other drug use. Anyone reporting having used an illicit substance across their lifetime (e.g., cannabis, ecstasy) or who smoked heavily were omitted from the study. Two univariate analyses of covariance compared the AHG and NHG groups on Verbal Fluency and Prospective Remembering Video Task scores (controlling for age, total alcohol units consumed per week, and the number of years spent drinking). The AHG recalled significantly fewer items on the Verbal Fluency task [ = 7.42, < 0.01] and on the Prospective Remembering Video Task NHG [ = 14.9, < 0.001] when compared with the NHG. Overall, it appeared that a state of AH significantly impaired both EF and PM. Given the importance of EF and PM to everyday remembering, these findings may have farther-reaching implications.
酒精宿醉（AH）是指在一个晚上大量饮酒后，当人体血液酒精浓度达到/接近零时出现的一种全身不适状态。本研究的目的是调查酒精宿醉对执行功能（EF）和前瞻性记忆（PM）的影响。先前的研究表明，酒精宿醉对认知能力有不利影响，包括注意力、工作记忆和前瞻性记忆。本研究聚焦于酒精宿醉对同一队列中的执行功能和相关前瞻性记忆可能产生的影响，这两者都是日常记忆的基础。本研究在执行功能和前瞻性记忆测量方面，将酒精宿醉组（AHG）与非宿醉组（NHG）进行了比较。对41名年龄在18 - 29岁的参与者进行了测试；其中19人组成酒精宿醉组，22人组成非宿醉组（前一天未报告大量饮酒且未报告任何明显宿醉症状的个体）。通过言语流畅性任务测量执行功能，通过前瞻性记忆视频程序测量前瞻性记忆。急性宿醉评定量表测量酒精宿醉症状和严重程度，数字呼吸分析仪测试测量他们的血液酒精浓度（BAC）。一份娱乐性药物使用问卷测量酒精和其他药物的使用情况。任何报告一生中使用过非法物质（如大麻、摇头丸）或大量吸烟的人都被排除在研究之外。两项单变量协方差分析比较了酒精宿醉组和非宿醉组在言语流畅性和前瞻性记忆视频任务得分上的差异（控制年龄、每周饮用的酒精总量和饮酒年限）。与非宿醉组相比，酒精宿醉组在言语流畅性任务上回忆的项目明显更少[ = 7.42， < 0.01]，在前瞻性记忆视频任务上也是如此[ = 14.9， < 0.001]。总体而言，似乎酒精宿醉状态会显著损害执行功能和前瞻性记忆。鉴于执行功能和前瞻性记忆对日常记忆的重要性，这些发现可能具有更深远的意义。
