Pino-Ortega José, Rojas-Valverde Daniel, Gómez-Carmona Carlos David, Bastida-Castillo Alejandro, Hernández-Belmonte Alejandro, García-Rubio Javier, Nakamura Fábio Yuzo, Ibáñez Sergio José
Departamento de Actividad Física y Deporte, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Murcia, San Javier, Spain.
Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela de Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Front Psychol. 2019 May 15;10:1100. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01100. eCollection 2019.
An understanding of basketball physical demands during official matches is fundamental for designing specific training, tactical, and strategic plans as well as recovery methods during congested fixture periods. Such assessments can be performed using wearable indoor time motion tracking systems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the time-motion profile of under 18-years of age (U'18) basketball players and compare their physical demands in relation to team ranking, playing position, match periods and consecutive matches during a 7-day tournament. Relative Distance (RD), percentage of High-Intensity Running (%HIR), Player Load (PL), Acceleration (Acc), Deceleration (Dec), Peak Speed (PSpeed), and Peak Acceleration (PAcc) were recorded from 94 players (13 centers, 47 forwards, and 34 guards) belonging to eight elite teams (age: 17.6 ± 0.8 years; height: 1.91 ± 0.08 m; body mass: 82.5 ± 8.8 kg). WIMU PRO inertial measurement units with ultra-wide band (UWB) indoor-tracking technology recorded 13 matches during the in the 2016-2017 season. Paired -tests and one-way analyses of variance with omega partial squared ( ) and Cohen's effect sizes () were used to analyze for differences between variables. According to team quality, the best teams had lower RD ( = 0.04; = -0.14). Guards presented higher RD ( < 0.01; = 0.03), PSpeed ( < 0.01; = 0.01) and PAcc ( < 0.01; = 0.02) compared to forwards and centers. The first quarter showed differences with higher RD ( < 0.01; = 0.03), %HIR ( < 0.01; = 0.02), and PL ( < 0.01; = 0.04) compared to all other quarters. The third match of the tournament presented higher demands in RD ( < 0.01; = 0.03), HIR ( < 0.01; = 0.01) and PL ( < 0.01; = 0.02) compared with the first two matches. This study showed that team quality, playing position, match period, and consecutive matches throughout an U'18 basketball tournament influenced the kinematic demands experienced by players during official competition. Therefore, each of these contextual factors should be considered in managing the load and developing individualized strategies for players in tournament settings.
了解正式比赛期间篮球运动的身体需求，对于制定特定的训练、战术和战略计划以及在赛程密集期的恢复方法至关重要。此类评估可使用可穿戴室内时间动作跟踪系统进行。本研究的目的是分析18岁以下（U'18）篮球运动员的时间动作特征，并比较他们在为期7天的锦标赛中与球队排名、比赛位置、比赛时段和连续比赛相关的身体需求。记录了来自8支精英球队的94名球员（13名中锋、47名前锋和34名后卫）的相对距离（RD）、高强度跑步百分比（%HIR）、球员负荷（PL）、加速度（Acc）、减速度（Dec）、峰值速度（PSpeed）和峰值加速度（PAcc）（年龄：17.6±0.8岁；身高：1.91±0.08米；体重：82.5±8.8千克）。采用带有超宽带（UWB）室内跟踪技术的WIMU PRO惯性测量单元记录了2016 - 2017赛季的13场比赛。使用配对t检验和带有ω偏平方（ ）和科恩效应量（）的单因素方差分析来分析变量之间的差异。根据球队质量，最佳球队的RD较低（ = 0.04； = -0.14）。与前锋和中锋相比，后卫的RD（ < 0.01； = 0.03）、PSpeed（ < 0.01； = 0.01）和PAcc（ < 0.01； = 0.02）更高。与所有其他季度相比，第一节的RD（ < 0.01； = 0.03）、%HIR（ < 0.01； = 0.02）和PL（ < 0.01； = 0.04）存在差异。与前两场比赛相比，锦标赛的第三场比赛在RD（ < 0.01； = 0.03）、HIR（ < 0.01； = 0.01）和PL（ < 0.01； = 0.02）方面的需求更高。本研究表明，在U'18篮球锦标赛中，球队质量、比赛位置、比赛时段和连续比赛会影响球员在正式比赛中的运动需求。因此，在管理负荷和为锦标赛中的球员制定个性化策略时，应考虑这些背景因素中的每一个。
