Department of Sport, Rehabilitation & Dental Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
J Sports Sci Med. 2019 Feb 11;18(1):73-81. eCollection 2019 Mar.
The purpose of this study was to make use of global positioning system technology to quantify the internal and external match demands of sub-elite female soccer players. Secondly, the study aims to describe the magnitude of change of these variables within and between matches over the course of a tournament to determine the effect of player fatigue. Thirty sub-elite female soccer players were assessed throughout a local tournament. Differences in match demands within and between matches were assessed using percent difference, effect size and 90% confidence intervals. One-way ANOVA was used to compare differences in the match demands and running intensities among playing positions and Bonferroni corrections were used to determine differences where significant effects of position were observed. A paired sample t-test in conjunction with the Cohen effect size was used to compare changes in match performance. Total distance covered averaged 5917 m. Midfielders covered the greatest absolute and relative total distances, and achieved the highest low-intensity activity and player load per minute of play. Defenders covered significantly (p ≤ 0.05) less relative distance and low-intensity activity per minute of play compared to midfielders. Forwards covered the greatest distance at high-intensity, while the greatest percentage of time at high-intensity heart rate was measured among the defenders. Within match comparisons revealed that player load decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in the second half (ES: 0.4). Relative distance, low-intensity activity and high-intensity activity also decreased in the second half with possibly trivial to likely small changes. Small to large differences in variables were observed throughout the tournament. The biggest magnitude of change was seen with a large decrease (ES: -1.2) in relative distance covered between match 2 and 5. Despite generally small reductions in performance measures, there is evidence that accumulated fatigue throughout a multi-day tournament would affect performance negatively.
本研究旨在利用全球定位系统技术来量化亚精英女性足球运动员的内外匹配需求。其次，本研究旨在描述比赛过程中这些变量在比赛内和比赛间的变化幅度，以确定球员疲劳的影响。在当地的一场锦标赛中，对 30 名亚精英女性足球运动员进行了评估。使用百分比差异、效应量和 90%置信区间评估比赛内和比赛间的比赛需求差异。使用单向方差分析比较不同位置的比赛需求和跑动强度差异，并使用 Bonferroni 校正确定观察到位置显著影响时的差异。使用配对样本 t 检验结合 Cohen 效应量比较比赛表现的变化。总距离平均为 5917 米。中场球员覆盖的绝对和相对总距离最大，每分种的低强度活动和球员负荷最高。与中场球员相比，后卫每分种的相对距离和低强度活动覆盖量明显（p ≤ 0.05）较少。前锋在高强度下覆盖的距离最大，而防守队员的高强度心率百分比最大。比赛内比较显示，球员负荷在下半场显著（p ≤ 0.05）下降（ES：0.4）。相对距离、低强度活动和高强度活动在下半场也减少，可能是轻微到可能的小变化。整个比赛中观察到变量的小到大幅度变化。在第 2 场和第 5 场比赛之间，相对距离覆盖量的大幅下降（ES：-1.2）是观察到的最大变化。尽管性能测量值普遍略有下降，但有证据表明，多天锦标赛中累积的疲劳会对表现产生负面影响。
