De Leon Teresa B, Karn Elizabeth, Al-Khatib Kassim, Espino Luis, Blank Timothy, Andaya Cynthia B, Andaya Virgilio C, Brim-DeForest Whitney
Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis Davis California.
Rice Experiment Station California Cooperative Rice Research Foundation, Inc. Biggs California.
Ecol Evol. 2019 Apr 22;9(10):5835-5848. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5167. eCollection 2019 May.
Control of weeds in cultivated crops is a pivotal component in successful crop production allowing higher yield and higher quality. In rice-growing regions worldwide, weedy rice ( f. Rosh.) is a weed related to cultivated rice which infests rice fields. With populations across the globe evolving a suite of phenotypic traits characteristic of weeds and of cultivated rice, varying hypotheses exist on the origin of weedy rice. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity and possible origin of weedy rice in California using 98 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and an gene-specific marker. By employing phylogenetic clustering analysis, we show that four to five genetically distinct biotypes of weedy rice exist in California. Analysis of population structure and genetic distance among individuals reveals diverse evolutionary origins of California weedy rice biotypes, with ancestry derived from , , and cultivated rice as well as possible contributions from weedy rice from the southern United States and wild rice. Because this diverse parentage primarily consists of weedy, wild, and cultivated rice not found in California, most existing weedy rice biotypes likely originated outside California.
控制栽培作物中的杂草是作物成功生产的关键组成部分，可实现更高的产量和更好的品质。在全球的水稻种植区，杂草稻（f. Rosh.）是一种与栽培稻相关的杂草，会侵扰稻田。随着全球杂草稻群体演化出一系列具有杂草和栽培稻特征的表型性状，关于杂草稻的起源存在多种假说。在此，我们利用98个简单序列重复（SSR）标记和一个基因特异性标记，研究了加利福尼亚州杂草稻的遗传多样性和可能的起源。通过系统发育聚类分析，我们发现加利福尼亚州存在四到五种遗传上不同的杂草稻生物型。对个体间群体结构和遗传距离的分析揭示了加利福尼亚州杂草稻生物型的多种进化起源，其祖先来自、和栽培稻，以及可能来自美国南部的杂草稻和野生稻的贡献。由于这种多样的亲本主要由加利福尼亚州未发现的杂草稻、野生稻和栽培稻组成，大多数现有的杂草稻生物型可能起源于加利福尼亚州以外。
