《菠菜被认为是最完美的食物之一：药理学和植物化学评论》。
Spinacia oleracea Linn Considered as One of the Most Perfect Foods: A Pharmacological and Phytochemical Review.
机构信息
Laboratorio de Investigacion de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Quimica e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN) Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos S/N Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional Ciudad de Mexico, cp 07708, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Sustentables, Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Quimica e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN) Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos S/N Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional Ciudad de Mexico, cp. 07708, Mexico.
出版信息
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2019;19(20):1666-1680. doi: 10.2174/1389557519666190603090347.
BACKGROUND
Leaves of Spinacia oleracea have been widely used as vegetarian foods. Some studies on the chemical composition of spinach have shown that it contains a high content of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and has an important economic value with some agronomic advantages. S. oleracea in traditional medicine is reported to cure more than one health problem.
OBJECTIVE
This review focuses on the ethnopharmacological uses and pharmacological and phytochemical studies of Spinacia oleracea.
METHODS
Information on S. oleracea was obtained via electronic search of scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scirus, Science Direct, Scielo, Web of Science, Medline, Springerlink, BioMed Central (BMC), and SciFinder for publications on this plant. In addition, books on medicinal herbs were also consulted.
RESULTS
Approximately 100 chemical compounds were isolated and characterized from S. oleracea. The major active components of the plant are flavones, flavanols, methylenedioxyflavonol glucuronides, glucuronides, and carotenoids, which were extensively investigated. This review revealed potential pharmacological properties of these isolated compounds such as anti-obesity, anti-α-amylase, bileacid binding capacity, anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cognitive and mood effect, hypoglycemic, and anti-hypertriglyceridemia.
CONCLUSION
S. oleracea is an important edible plant also used for ethnomedical therapy of obesity, inflammation of lungs, lumbago, flatulence, and treatment of urinary calculi. Pharmacological and phytochemical studies of this plant including bioactives, which have been adequately studied, support its uses in traditional medicine. Additionally, prospects and future trends of this plant are proposed.
背景
菠菜叶被广泛用作素食食品。一些关于菠菜化学成分的研究表明，它含有丰富的微量营养素（维生素和矿物质），具有重要的经济价值和一些农业优势。传统医学中，菠菜被用于治疗多种健康问题。
目的
本综述重点介绍菠菜的民族药理学用途和药理学及植物化学研究。
方法
通过电子搜索科学数据库，如 Scopus、PubMed、Google Scholar、Scirus、Science Direct、Scielo、Web of Science、Medline、Springerlink、BioMed Central (BMC) 和 SciFinder，获取有关菠菜的信息，检索有关该植物的出版物。此外，还查阅了草药书籍。
结果
从菠菜中分离并鉴定出约 100 种化学化合物。该植物的主要活性成分是类黄酮、黄烷醇、亚甲二氧基黄酮醇葡萄糖苷、葡萄糖苷和类胡萝卜素，这些成分得到了广泛的研究。本综述揭示了这些分离化合物的潜在药理特性，如抗肥胖、抗α-淀粉酶、胆酸结合能力、抗突变、抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎、认知和情绪作用、降血糖和抗高甘油三酯血症。
结论
菠菜是一种重要的食用植物，也用于治疗肥胖、肺炎、腰痛、腹胀和尿路结石等疾病的民族医学疗法。对该植物的药理学和植物化学研究，包括已经进行了充分研究的生物活性物质，支持了其在传统医学中的应用。此外，还提出了该植物的前景和未来趋势。
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